Corporate Law : This case examines whether borrowing costs should be capitalised using full-year borrowings or only those during the eligible peri...
Corporate Law : The Court’s 2025 ruling upheld CCI’s power to impose structural and personal penalties without a second notice, marking a majo...
Corporate Law : India is moving to regulate Big Tech's anti-competitive practices like predatory pricing, self-preferencing, and data misuse. A ne...
Corporate Law : An analysis of India’s merger control under CCI rules, deal value threshold, key cases, and comparisons with US, EU, and UK fram...
Corporate Law : Explore India’s merger control laws under Competition Act and Companies Act, CCI’s role, key cases and emerging reforms for a ...
Corporate Law : The proposed rules establish a comprehensive conduct framework for CCI employees, including integrity, conflict-of-interest contro...
Corporate Law : Parliament was informed that no antitrust or merger cases originated from Jammu and Kashmir during the year. The key takeaway is t...
Corporate Law : Enforcement activity rose with steady antitrust actions and quicker merger disposals, aided by reduced timelines and streamlined p...
Corporate Law : The competition watchdog has initiated further proceedings over widespread flight disruptions, signaling that the matter merits ex...
Corporate Law : The 2023 Competition Amendment Act strengthens CCI powers, introduces thresholds for high-value deals, and expands anti-competitiv...
Corporate Law : CCI directed investigation into allegations that certain liquor manufacturers and distributors entered into restrictive agreements...
Corporate Law : Allegations of an implied anti-competitive agreement between a regulator and a software provider were rejected. The Commission fou...
Corporate Law : The Commission found no proof that tender conditions excluded competitors or favoured select players. It held that procurement ter...
Corporate Law : The case examined allegations of inflated and discriminatory pricing in supply of a critical railway component. The Commission hel...
Corporate Law : The Commission held that bidders colluded by quoting identical and patterned prices across multiple tenders. It found that such co...
Corporate Law : The CCI held that restricting warranty services in India to products bought from authorised distributors was unfair and discrimina...
Corporate Law : Summary of the Competition Commission of India (Determination of Cost of Production) Regulations, 2025. Details key changes, defin...
Corporate Law : The Competition Commission of India (CCI) notifies new regulations for recovering monetary penalties, detailing procedures for dem...
Corporate Law : CCI penalizes Meta ₹213.14 crore for abusing dominance through WhatsApp's 2021 Privacy Policy update. Cease-and-desist orders an...
Corporate Law : Clause (f) of Section 19 of the Competition Amendment Act 2023 comes into effect on 19th September 2024, as per the Ministry of Co...
Technology Market refers to market platforms driven by new technologies, shrouding over the age-old market platforms. With the advent of e-commerce facilities selling, purchasing, hiring of any goods and services is seen to be in the hands of the consumers.
India adopted a new economic order in the early 1990s. This empowered the invisible hands of the market, namely, demand for and supply of goods and services to determine two major outcomes, namely, quantities to be produced/supplied in the economy and prices at which these are to be exchanged. The invisible hands may occasionally malfunction in the presence of information asymmetry, externalities or market power.
We have understood the concepts and some important definition under the Competition Act, 2002. As we have considered the charging provisions of Sections 3 and 4, we have learned that the main object of the act is to promote competition and restrict any activities by any entity or group of entities to restrict competition in the market.
In my earlier article we have understood the basics of the Competition Act, 2002. In this article we are going to understand provisions of Section 4 of the Competition Act, 2002, which deals with the Dominant Enterprises, Dominance and abuse of dominant position the act.
Every law promulgated by any legislature is based on certain reason, belief and welfare of the society. The laws will provide us social security from exploitations, whether it will be physical or social. For development of a society and economy it is essential that there should be free competition among players. Every player in the market will get adequate space and time to participate and put their products or services before the people.
MINISTRY OF CORPORATE AFFAIRS NOTIFICATION New Delhi, the 15th October, 2014 G.S.R. 728(E).—In exercise of the powers conferred by clause (mb) of sub-section (2) of section 63 read with sub-section (2) of Section 53E of the Competition Act, 2002 (12 of 2003), the Central Government hereby makes the following rules to amend the Competition Appellate […]
The principal rules were published in the Gazette of India, Extraordinary, Part-II, Section 3, Sub-section (i) dated 27th February, 2008, vide G.S.R. No.111(E) and amended vide G.S.R. No. 156(E), dated 6th March, 2009 and G.S.R. No. 259(E), dated 20th April, 2009.
Amendment to Combination Regulations- 28thMarch 2014 The provisions of the Competition Act, 2002 (“Act”) relating to the regulation of combinations as well as the Combination Regulations have been in force with effect from 1stJune 2011. The Combination Regulations were amended twice on 23rd February 2012 and 4th April 2013, with a view to relax filing […]
Status of cases where penalties have not been paid under Competition Act, 2002 Competition Commission of India(CCI) has decided to take suitable and appropriate steps to recover penalties from such parties that have not paid the penalties imposed by the Commission on them under Competition Act, 2002. CCI has released a list of the cases […]
We do not see any justification to hold that there was any breach of any of the provisions under Section 4 of the Act. Similarly, we cannot accept the argument of Shri Sharma that AAI was a dominant purchaser and had abused its dominance. In fact for the purposes of deciding the dominance, we would have to take into consideration both the product market as well as geographical market.
