DCIT (TDS) Vs District Mining Officer (Supreme Court of India)
The case involves the applicability of Section 206C(1C) of the Income Tax Act, 1961 concerning collection of tax at source (TCS) on amounts received as compounding fees or fines from persons engaged in illegal mining or transportation of minerals. The matter originated from proceedings against a District Mining Officer, where the Income Tax Department alleged failure to collect TCS on compounding fees recovered from offenders. The Assessing Officer treated the authority as an “assessee in default” and raised demand along with interest and penalty. These findings were upheld by the Commissioner (Appeals) and partially by the ITAT.
The High Court examined whether Section 206C(1C) applies to such compounding fees. It analyzed the statutory framework, noting that TCS under Section 206C(1C) is applicable only where a lease, licence, or contract is granted or where rights or interests in a mine or quarry are transferred, and royalty is payable by such lessee or licensee. The Court observed that persons involved in illegal mining do not fall within these categories, as they neither hold a lease nor licence, nor is there any contractual transfer of rights.
The Court further distinguished compounding fees under Section 23A of the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 read with Rule 71(5) of the Chhattisgarh Minor Mineral Rules, 2015. It held that compounding fees are penalties imposed to settle offences and are distinct from royalty. Upon payment of such fees, the offence stands compounded and no further proceedings can be pursued. The Court emphasized that there is no legislative mandate to collect TCS on such compounding fees, and the terms “royalty” and “compounding fee” are mutually exclusive.
