Case Law Details
R. Systems International Ltd Vs ACIT (ITAT Delhi)
The issue under consideration is whether A.O. is correct in disallowing claim of stamp duty and registration charges by considering it as capital expenditure?
The assessee stated that the amount was incurred towards stamp duty and registration charges for execution of lease deed. Assessee is of the opinion that these expenses should be allowed u/s 37(1).
The impugned expenditure did not involve any element of premium in the amount claimed as expenditure. It was incurred only to draw up and get registered an effective and proper lease deed and would have remained the same irrespective of the period of lease as long as it was more than one year. Further, the period of lease itself could not be decisive of the question whether the asset was of enduring nature. On these facts, the impugned expenditure was revenue in nature.
Hence, ITAT state that the legal expenses have to be allowed u/s 37(1) of the Act. Accordingly, appeal is allowed.
FULL TEXT OF THE ITAT JUDGEMENT
This appeal by the assessee is preferred against the order of the Commissioner of Income Tax [Appeals] – 44, New Delhi dated 05.08.2016 pertaining to assessment year 2011-12.
2. The grievance of the assessee is two-fold – firstly, not assessing the bank interest on short term export surplus deposits as ‘Business income’, and secondly, the assessee is aggrieved by the disallowance of legal and professional fee of Rs. 1,93,250 and foreign taxes of Rs 51,384/-.
3. Briefly stated, the facts of the case are that the assessee company is engaged into the business of software development and IT enables services, primarily export sales.
4. During the year under consideration, the assessee has declared total interest of Rs. 5,20,16,070/- as under:
Interest on FDRs | Rs. 3,82,03,086/- |
Interest on ICD and other deposits and advances | |
– Out of surplus from export proceeds | 77,83,788/- |
Interest on FDRs | 5,929,196/- |
– Out of IPO Funds [Public Issue, 2006] | 52,016,070/- |
3. Out of the above, interest on FDR and interest on IPO funds were kept out of the purview of ‘business income’ and offered for tax as “Income from other sources”. During the course of assessment proceedings, the assessee requested the Assessing Officer to rework the interest component and consider the interest on FDR out of surplus from export proceeds amounting to Rs 3,83,03,086/- under the head “Business income” in the light of the provisions of section 1 0A(4) of the Income tax Act, 1961 [hereinafter referred to as ‘the Act’]
4. The Assessing Officer was not convinced with the contention of the ld. counsel for the assessee and treated the interest of Rs. 3.83 crores as “Income from other sources”.
5. Aggrieved, the assessee carried the matter before the ld. CIT(A), but without any success.
6. Before us, the ld. counsel for the assessee drew our attention to the provisions of section 10A(4) of the Act and vehemently stated that as per the provisions, as applicable from A.Y 2001-02, the interest income forms part of the profit from business of industrial undertaking and once the formula is applied as specified in sub-section (4) of section 10A of the Act, the assessee would be entitled for deduction, as the assessee is a 100% EOU, the entire business of the assessee consists of development and export of software.
7. It is the say of the ld. counsel for the assessee that the terminology used in sub-section (4) is “Profits of the business” of the undertaking in contradiction to the words “Profits and gains” derived by the assessee from a 100% EOU. According to the ld. counsel for the assessee, the term “from the business of” is much wider than the term “derived from industrial undertaking”. The ld. counsel for the assessee further stated that the entire profits derived from the business of undertaking should be taken into consideration while computing the eligible deduction u/s 10A of the Act.
8. On the other hand, the ld. DR supported the findings of the Assessing Officer.
9. We have given thoughtful consideration to the rival contentions and have carefully perused the orders of the authorities below.
Section 10A(4) reads as under:
“4) For the purposes of sub-section (1) and (1A), the profits derived from export of articles or things or computer software shall be the amount which bears to the profits of the business of the undertaking, the same proportion as the export turnover in respect of such articles or things or computer software bears to the total turnover of the business carried on by the undertaking.”
10. The Full Bench of the Hon’ble High Court of Karnataka in the case of Hewlett Packard Global Soft Ltd 403 ITR 453 was seized with the following substantial questions of law:
“(i) Whether in the facts and in the circumstances of the case, Tribunal was justified in holding that interest from Fixed Deposits, accrued interest on Fixed Deposits, interest received from Citibank, Hong kong and interest on staff loans should be treated as business income of the assessee even though the assessee is not carrying any banking/financial activity?
(ii) Whether the Assessing Officer was correct in holding that the interest income cannot be held to be derived from eligible business of the assessee (software development) for the purpose of claiming deduction under Section 10A of the Income Tax Act, 1961?”
11. The relevant findings of the Hon’ble High Court read as under:
“29. In Riviera Home Furnishing v. Addi CIT [2016] 65 taxmann.com 287/237 Taxman 520 (Delhi), the Division Bench of Delhi High Court dealing with a case of Export Oriented Undertaking, for the Assessment Year 2008-09, in respect of interest received by an assessee on Fixed Deposit Receipts (FDRs.) which were under lien with Bank for facilitating Letter of Credit and Bank Guarantee facilities held that such interest received on FDRs would qualify for deduction under Section 10-B of the Act. The relevant paragraphs 9 and 15 of the said decision are quoted below.
“9. The question as to what can constitute as profits and gains derived by a 100% EOU from the export of articles and computer software came for consideration before the Karnataka High Court in CIT v. Motorola India Electronics Pvt. Ltd. (2014) 46 Taxmann.com 167 (Kar). The said appeal before the Karnataka High Court was by the Revenue challenging an order passed by the ITAT which held that the interest payable on FDRs was part of the profits of the business of the undertaking and therefore includible in the income eligible for deduction Sections 10A and 10B of the Act. There the Assessee had earned interest on the deposits lying in the EEFC account as well as interest earned on inter-corporate loans given to sister concerns out of the funds of the undertaking. There was a restriction on the Assessee in that case from making pre-payment of its external commercial borrowings (‘ECB ‘). It could repay only to the extent of 10% of the outstanding loan in a year. This made the Assessee temporarily park the balance funds as deposits or with various sister concerns as inter corporate deposits until the date of repayment. The Assessee contended that the interest derived from the business of the industrial undertaking was eligible for exemption within the meaning of Section 10B and applied the formula under Section 10B(4) of the Act for determining the profits from exports. The Assessee ‘s contention that the expression “profits of the business of the undertaking” in Section 10B(4) was wider than the expression “profits and gains derived by” the Assessee from a 100% EOU occurring in Section 10B(1) was accepted by the ITAT. The ITAT noticed that unlike Section 80 HHC, where there was an express exclusion of the interest earned from the ‘profits of business of undertaking’, there was no similar provision as far as Sections 10A and 10B were concerned.
15. In the considered view of the Court, the submissions made on behalf of the Revenue proceed on the basic misconception regarding the true purport of the provisions of Chapter VIA of the Act and on an incorrect understanding of Section 80A(4) of the Act. The opening words of Section 80A(4) read “Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in section 10A or section 10AA or section 10B or section 10BA or in any provisions of this Chapter…..”. What is sought to be underscored, therefore, is that Section 80A, and the other provisions in Chapter VIA, are independent of Sections 10A and 10B of the Act. It appears that the object of Section 80A(4) was to ensure that a unit which has availed of the benefit under Section 10B will not be allowed to further claim relief under Section 80IA or 80IB read with Section 80A(4). The intention does not appear to be to deny relief under Section 10B(1) read with Section 10B(4) or to whittle down the ambit of those provisions as is sought to be suggested by Mr. Manchanda. Also, he is not right in contending that the decisions of the High Courts referred to above have not noticed the decision of the Supreme Court in Liberty India. The Karnataka High Court in CIT v. Motorola India Electronics Pvt. Ltd. (supra) makes a reference to the said decision. That decision of the Karnataka High Court has been cited with approval by this Court in Hritnik Exports (supra) and Universal Precision Screws (supra). In Hritnik Exports (supra) the Court quoted with approval the observations of the Special Bench of the ITAT in Maral Overseas Ltd. (supra) that “Section 10A/10B of the Act is a complete code providing the mechanism for computing the ‘profits of the business’ eligible for deduction u/s 10B of the Act. Once an income forms part of the business of the income of the eligible undertaking of the assessee, the same cannot be excluded from the eligible profits for the purpose of computing deduction u/s 10B of the Act.”
30. The said judgment, in our opinion, rightly distinguishes the judgments on the interpretation of Section 80-HH, 80-IA under Chapter VI-A of the Act in view of Section 80-A (4) of the Act which, with a non-obstante clause which starts with “Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in Section 10-A or Section 10-AA or Section 10-B or Section 10- BA or in any provisions of this Chapter” proceeds to enumerate the various deductions under Chapter VI-A of the Act.
31. Similarly the Division Bench of the Calcutta High Court in CIT v. Hindustan Gum & Chemicals Ltd. [2016] 72 com. 90/241 Taxman 401 again held that interest earned on Surplus Business Funds deposited with Banks for short periods will be part of profits of business for the purposes of Section 10-B of the Act. The relevant portion of the judgment in para.3 relied upon in the decision of the Division Bench of this Court in the case of Motorola India Electronics (P.) Ltd. (supra) is quoted below for ready reference.
“3. A bare reading of sub-section (1) suggests that 100 % export oriented undertakings are entitled to a deduction of profits and gains derived from the export of articles for a period of 10 years. The aforesaid entitlement is, however, subject to the provisions of Section 10B. In other words, subject to the provisions contained in the other parts of the Section 10B, the benefit is available to an assessee. It was not disputed that the only relevant provision to be taken into account is sub-section (4) which we already have quoted. Sub-section (4) provides the quantum of deduction which can be availed by an assessee. The quantum of deduction is dependent upon the total turnover of the business of the undertaking and the export turnover of the undertaking. Once these two figures are available, one has to divide the total turnover by the export turnover in order to work out the percentage of the export turn over, vis-à-vis the total turn over. Suppose total turn over is Rs. 100/- and total export turn over is for Rs. 10/-, then the export turn over is 10 % of the total turnover. Then one has to find out the total profit of the business of the undertaking. Suppose the total profit of the business of the undertaking is Rs. 100, in that case, deduction available to the assessee under Section 10 sub-section (1) of Section 10B shall be 10% of Rs. 100, i.e. to say Rs. 10/-. This is the formula which has been provided by subsection (4) for the purpose of working out the benefit or deduction under subsection (1). Total turnover shall naturally include receipt on account of interest. The legislature does not appear to have provided for excluding the amount of interest from the total turnover as has been done in the case of 80HHC by explanation (baa) of sub-section (4C) thereof. In that case, 90% of the income arising out of interest has to be excluded from the profits of the business for the purpose of arriving at deduction available under Section 80HHC. But an identical provision is not there. Therefore, that provision cannot be imported by implication. The submission that the amount earned from interest was not intended to be taken into account for the purpose of giving benefit under subsection (1) of Section 10B may be correct.
But the amount of deduction available to a 100% export oriented undertaking is necessarily dependent upon the formula provided in subsection (4). There is, as such, no scope for any controversy that part of the money was earned from interest and not from export. This question came up before the Karnataka High Court and was answered in the case of CIT v. Motorola India Electronics (P.) Ltd. [2014] 46 taxmann.com 167/225 Taxman 11 (Kar.)(Mag.) as follows:
In the instant case, the assessee is a 100% EOU, which has exported software and earned the income. A portion of that income is included in EEFC account. Yet another portion of the amount is invested within the country by way of fixed deposits, another portion of the amount is invested by way of loan to sister concern which is deriving interest or the consideration received from sale of the import entitlement, which is permissible in law. Now the question is whether the interest received and the consideration received by sale of import entitlements is to be construed as income of the business of the undertaking. There is a direct nexus between this income and the income of the business of the undertaking. Though it does not partake the character of a profits and gains from the sale of an article, it is the income which is derived from the consideration realized by export of articles. In view of the definition of income from Profits and Gains incorporated in Sub-section (4), the assessee is entitled to the benefit of exemption of the said amount as contemplated under Section 10B of the Act. Therefore, the Tribunal was justified in extending the benefit to the aforesaid amounts also. We do not find any merit in these appeals. Therefore, the first substantial question of law raised in ITA No.428/2007 is answered in favour of the revenue and against the assessee and the first substantial question of law in ITA No.447/2007 is answered in favour of the assessee and against the revenue.
In the light of the aforesaid findings, the second question of law in both the appeals do not arise for consideration.”
32. The Division Bench of Bombay High Court in CIT v. Symantee Software India (P.) Ltd. [MANU /MH/2575/2014] rightly held, in our opinion, that the provisions of Chapter VI-A in the context of ‘Deductions’ cannot be allowed to be telescoped in Section 10-A and the deduction under Section 10-A has to be given effect to at the prior stage of computing the profits and gains of the business, whereas Chapter VI-A comes in for application after the Gross Total Income is determined by adding the income under various independent Heads of Income in Chapter IV comprising of Sections 14 to 59 of the Act.
33. The relevant extract from paragraphs 19 to 21 of Bombay High Court decision is also quoted below for ready reference.
19. There is some substance in the contention of Mr. Kaka that if the deduction shall be allowed from the total income of the Assessee in the manner set out by section 10A and the computation is also provided in that provision itself namely sub-section (4), then there is a complete Code which is evolved and formulated by the Legislature.
20. In relation to this, we also find support in the judgment of this Court in the case of Black and Veatch Consulting Pvt. Ltd. This Court has observed and held as under:
“Section 10A is a provision which is in the nature of a deduction and not an exemption. This was emphasized in a judgment of a Division Bench of this Court, while construing the provisions of Section 10B, in Hindustan Unilever Ltd. v. Deputy Commissioner of Income Tax MANU/MH/0417/2010: [2010] 325 ITR 102 (Bom.) at paragraph 24. The submission of the Revenue placed its reliance on the literal reading of Section 10A under which a deduction of such profits and gains as are derived by an undertaking from the export of articles or things or computer software for a period of ten consecutive assessment years is to be allowed from the total income of the assessee. The deduction under Section 10A, in our view, has to be given effect to at the stage of computing the profits and gains of business. This is anterior to the application of the provisions of Section 72 which deals with the carry forward and set off of business losses. A distinction has been made by the Legislature while incorporating the provisions of Chapter VI-A. Section 80A(1) stipulates that in computing the total income of an assessee, there shall be allowed from his gross total income, in accordance with and subject to the provisions of the Chapter, the deductions specified in Sections 80C to 80U. Section 80B(5) defines for the purposes of Chapter VIA “gross total income” to mean the total income computed in accordance with the provisions of the Act, before making any deduction under the Chapter. What the Revenue in essence seeks to attain is to telescope the provisions of Chapter VI-A in the context of the deduction which is allowable under Section 10A, which would not be permissible unless a specific statutory provision to that effect were to be made. In the absence thereof, such an approach cannot be accepted. In the circumstances, the decision of the Tribunal would have to be affirmed since it is plain and evident that the deduction under Section 10A has to be given at the stage when the profits and gains of business are computed in the first instance.
“21. Therefore, when this Court has held that Chapter VIA provides for deduction to be made in computing the total income and section 80HH deals with deduction in respect of profit and gains from the newly established undertaking or Hotel business in backward areas, then the attempt of the Revenue to telescope Chapter VIA in the context of the deduction, which is permissible under section 10A falling in Chapter III, cannot be countenanced.’
34. We are of the considered opinion that the above referred decisions relied upon by the learned counsel for the Revenue, Mr. Aravind do not cover the cases under Sections 10-A and 10-B of the Act which are special provisions and complete code in themselves and deal with profits and gains derived by the assessee of a special nature and character like 100% Export Oriented Units (EOUs.) situated in Special Economic Zones (SEZs), STPI, etc., where the entire profits and gains of the entire Undertaking making 100% exports of articles including software as is the fact in the present case, the assessee is given 100% deduction of profit and gains of such export business and therefore incidental income of such undertaking by way of interest on the temporarily parked funds in Banks or even interest on staff loans would constitute part of profits and gains of such special Undertakings and these cases cannot be compared with deductions under Sections 80-HH or 80-IB in Chapter VI-A of the Act where an assessee dealing with several activities or commodities may inter alia earn profits and gains from the specified activity and therefore in those cases, the Hon ‘ble Supreme Court has held that the interest income would not be the income “derived from” such Undertakings doing such special business activity.
35. The Scheme of Deductions under Chapter VI-A in Sections 80-HH, 80-HHC, 80-IB, etc from the ‘Gross Total Income of the Undertaking’, which may arise from different specified activities in these provisions and other incomes may exclude interest income from the ambit of Deductions under these provisions, but exemption under Section 10-A and 10-B of the Act encompasses the entire income derived from the business of export of such eligible Undertakings including interest income derived from the temporary parking of funds by such Undertakings in Banks or even Staff loans. The dedicated nature of business or their special geographical locations in STPI or SEZs. etc. makes them a special category of assessees entitled to the incentive in the form of 100% Deduction under Section 10-A or 10-B of the Act, rather than it being a special character of income entitled to Deduction from Gross Total Income under Chapter VI-A under Section 80-HH, etc. The computation of income entitled to exemption under Section 10-A or 10-B of the Act is done at the prior stage of computation of Income from Profits and Gains of Business as per Sections 28 to 44 under Part-D of Chapter IV before ‘Gross Total Income’ as defined under Section 80- B(5) is computed and after which the consideration of various Deductions under Chapter VI-A in Section 80HH etc. comes into picture. Therefore analogy of Chapter VI Deductions cannot be telescoped or imported in Section 10-A or 10-B of the Act. The words ‘derived by an Undertaking’ in Section 10- A or 10-B are different from ‘derived from’ employed in Section 80-HH etc. Therefore all Profits and Gains of the Undertaking including the incidental income by way of interest on Bank Deposits or Staff loans would be entitled to 100% exemption or deduction under Section 10-A and 10-B of the Act. Such interest income arises in the ordinary course of export business of the Undertaking even though not as a direct result of export but from the Bank Deposits etc., and is therefore eligible for 100% deduction.”
12. The Hon’ble Supreme Court in the case of Yokogawa India Ltd 391 ITR 274 had the occasion to explain the meaning of the phrase ‘Total Income”. The Hon’ble Supreme Court held as under:
“15. The phrase “total income” has been used in the Income-tax Act in several places with different connotations and shades. The phrase “total income” used in section 10A is one such variant. The phrase need not necessarily mean the total income as computed in accordance with the provisions of the Act. The relief under this section is with reference to the STP undertakings and not to the assessee. In other words, the relief travels with the undertaking irrespective of who owns the same. The computation of relief as provided in section 10A(4) is also with reference to the undertaking. A business might have several undertakings and section 28 does not envisage computation of income of each such undertaking. In other words, the profits of the business of the undertaking cannot be computed in isolation. The profits are computed under the head “Profits and gains of business or profession”, as under the above head, the income from business as a whole has to be computed. The phrase “total income” used in section 10A(1) is, therefore, to be understood as the total income of the STP unit. This is clear from the first proviso to section 10A(1) which makes a reference to the total income of the undertaking and not to the total income of the assessee. The definition of any tern: given in section 2 will apply only when the context does not otherwise require. The placement, language and setting of section 10A cannot mean the total income computed in accordance with the provisions of the Act. Instead, such a phrase in the context of section 10A, means profits and gains of the STP undertaking as understood in its commercial sense.
16. Chapter VI deals with the computation of total income under various heads of income. Section 14 provides for classification of income under various heads of income for the purpose of charge of income tax and computation of total income. The purpose of classification of any income under any head of income is to compute the same. The twin conditions of section 14 are that income is subject to charge of income-tax and is includible in the total income. As the relief under section 10A is in the nature of exemption although termed as deduction and the said relief is in respect of commercial profits, such income is neither subject to charge of income-tax nor includible in the total income. Therefore, the twin provisions of section 14 are not existing in the case of income of STP undertaking and accordingly such income is not liable to be computed under Chapter IV. Therefore, the correct view would be that the relief under section 10A will have to be given before Chapter IV. The deduction shall be given first and process of computation of “profits and gains of business or profession” begins thereafter. This proposition is in line with the form of return. Allowing deduction at the earliest stage of business income computation almost blurs the difference between the commercial profits and tax profits.
17. The substituted section 10A continues to remain in Chapter III. It is titled as “Incomes which do not form part of total income”. It may be noted that when section 10A was recast by the Finance Act, 2001, Parliament was aware of the character of relief given in Chapter III. Chapter III deals with incomes which do not form ran of total income. If Parliament intended that the relief under section 10A should be by way of deduction in the normal course of computation of total income, it could have placed the same in Chapter VI-A which rouses the sections like 80HHC, 80-IA, etc. Parliament was aware of the various restricting and limiting provisions like section 80A and section 80AB which was in Chapter VI-A which do not appear in Chapter III.. The fact that even after its recast, the relief has been retained in Chapter III indicates that the intention of Parliament it is to be regarded as an exemption and not a deduction. The Act of Parliament in consciously section in Chapter III indicates its intention that the nature of relief continues to be an exemption. Chapter VII deals with the incomes forming part of the total income on which no income-tax is payable. These are the incomes which are exempted from charge, but are included in the total income of the assessee. Parliament despite being conversant with the implications of this Chapter, has consciously chosen – to retain. section 0A in Chapter III.
18. If. section 10A is to be given effect to as a deduction from the total income as defined in section 2(45), it : mean that section 10A is to be considered after Chapter VI-A deductions have been exhausted. The deduction under Chapter VI-A are to be given from out of the gross total income. The term “gross total income is defined in section 80B(5) to mean the total income computed in accordance with the provisions of Act. before making any deduction under this Chapter. As per the definition of gross total income, the other provisions of the Act will have to be first given effect to. There is no reason why reference to the provisions of the Act should not include section 10A. In other words, the gross total income would be arrived at after considering section 10A deduction also. Therefore, it would be inappropriate to conclude that section 10A deduction is to be given effect to after Chapter VI-A deductions are exhausted.
19. It is after the deduction under Chapter VI-A that the total income of an assessee as arrived at. Chapter VI- A deductions are the last stage of giving effect to all types of deductions permissible under the Act. At the end of this exercise, the total income is arrived at. Total income is thus, a figure arrived at after giving effect to all deductions under the Act. There cannot be any further deduction from the total income as the total income is itself arrived at after all
20. From the aforesaid discussion it is clear that the income of the section 10A unit has to be excluded before arriving at the gross total income of the assessee. The income of the section 10A unit has to be deducted at source itself and not after computing the gross total income. The total income used in the provisions of section 10A in this context means the global income of the assessee and not the total income as defined in section 2(45). Hence, the income eligible for exemption under section 10A would not enter into computation as the same has to be deducted at source level.”
13. Considering the facts of the case in hand in the light of the judicial decisions discussed hereinabove, we are of the considered view that the interest earned on short term export surplus deposit has to be treated as ‘Business income” for the purposes of computation of deduction u/s 10A(4) of the Act. Ground No. 1 is accordingly allowed.
14. Ground No. 2 relates to the disallowance of claim of two expenditures, namely, legal and professional fee of Rs 1,93,250/- and Rs 51 ,384/- on foreign taxes.
15. During the course of assessment proceedings, on going through the details of rates and taxes, the Assessing Officer noticed that the above mentioned expenditures were claimed u/s 37(1) of the Act. The Assessing Officer was not convinced with the claim of expenditure and disallowed the same.
16. The assessee could not succeed before the ld. CIT(A).
17. Before us, the ld. counsel for the assessee stated that the amount of Rs. 1,92,250/- was incurred towards stamp duty and registration charges for execution of lease deed by Noida IT Unit of the assessee and Rs. 51,384/- has been deducted by the overseas customer while releasing the payment against invoices raised by way of turnover tax. It is the say of the ld. counsel for the assessee that both these expenditures are allowable u/s 37(1) of the Act.
18. Per contra, the ld. DR supported the findings of the Assessing It is the say of the ld. DR that the expenditure incurred towards stamp duty and registration charges are in the nature of capital expenditure and the same cannot be allowed u/s 37(1) of the Act.
19. We have given thoughtful consideration to the orders of the authorities below and have carefully perused the relevant material on record. We are of the considered view that the expenses towards registration of stamp duty and legal expenses incurred in connection therewith have to be considered in the light of the provisions of section 37(1) of the Act.
20. The Hon’ble Bombay High Court in the case of Cinecita Pvt Ltd 137 ITR 652 has held “The impugned expenditure did not involve any element of premium in the amount claimed as expenditure. It was incurred only to draw up and get registered an effective and proper lease deed and would have remained the same irrespective of the period of lease as long as it was more than one year. Further, the period of lease itself could not be decisive of the question whether the asset was of enduring nature. On these facts, the impugned expenditure was revenue in nature.
21. A similar view was taken by the Hon’ble High Court of Bombay in the case of Hoechst Pharmaceuticals Ltd 113 ITR 877 and in the case of Octavious Steel and Co. Ltd 221 ITR 810. Considering the nature of expenditure in the light of the judicial decisions, legal expenses have to be allowed u/s 37(1) of the Act. We order accordingly.
22. In so far as the claim of expenditure of Rs. 51,384/- is concerned, the facts on record show that this amount was deducted by overseas customer while releasing payment against invoices raised by the assessee. The deduction was on account of turnover taxes. In our considered opinion, this deduction by overseas customer is not a tax on profit of business as such but on the applicable laws of those countries. The assessee is very much entitled to deduction in respect of such expenditure u/s 37(1) of the Act. Moreover, the assessee has recorded the sales on gross basis, i.e. invoiced amount has been taken as sales, therefore, any deduction from invoiced amount has to be allowed as deduction from business income of the assessee. We direct accordingly. Ground No. 2 is allowed.
23. In the result, the appeal of the assessee in ITA No. 6506/DEL/2016 is allowed.
The order is pronounced in the open court on 04.10.2019.