Disallowance of Depreciation section 43(1))
Disallowance of Depreciation where cash payment exceeding Rs. 10,000 is made for purchase of asset (Amendment to section 43(1))
Clause (1) of section 43 defines ‘actual cost’ for the purposes of claiming depreciation.
The cost in acquisition of any asset or part thereof in respect of which a payment or aggregate of payments made to a person in a day, otherwise than by an account payee cheque drawn on a bank or an account payee bank draft or use of electronic clearing system through a bank account, exceeds ten thousand rupees, such expenditure shall be ignored for the purposes of determination of actual cost
Certain Consequences because of amendment:
1.Asset or part thereof: Part may be in the nature of
2. Land is Non Depreciable asset hence this amendment will not trigger whatsoever.
3. What if the depreciable asset which was purchased in cash enters the block of the asset and only this asset remains and others are sold then, will Depreciation still be available on WDV of asset sold as asset bought in Cash still exists in block as per sec 50 of Act ?
~ The value of the block will be Nil
For Example: Mr.Joel has bought a Machinery from Mr.Jack worth Rs.30,000 by making cash payment on 20th Nov 2017.
EXAMPLE 1: Assessee purchases plant and machinery of Rs. 3,50,000 on 1.04.2020 and pays the entire amount in cash.
Since payment of Rs. 3,50,000/- is made by cash, it shall not be considered as part of actual cost of plant and machinery. The actual cost of plant and machinery shall be taken to be NIL and NIL shall be added to WDV of Block of assets. Note: As per section 269ST, the seller of machinery is liable to pay penalty of Rs. 3,50,000 for accepting cash of Rs.2,00,000 or more. The Penalty shall be under section 271DA.
EXAMPLE 2: Suppose in Example 1, assessee makes payments as under:
Therefore Rs. 3,25,000/- shall be considered as actual cost and Rs. 3,25,000/- shall be added to WDV of Block of assets.
Note: S. 43(1) defines original cost to mean actual cost of asset as reduced by portion of cost as met directly or indirectly by any other person or authority. FA, 2017 has inserted a second proviso to exclude expenditure incurred in acquisition of any asset or part thereof from actual cost of asset, if the payment in respect of such expenditure is made to a person in a day, exceeding Rs. 10,000 otherwise than by a specified mode.
Whether payments in respect of past expenditure to be included in cost?
The language of the second proviso is “where the assessee incurs any expenditure in respect of which payments or aggregate payments made to a person in a day exceed ten thousand rupees, such expenditure shall be ignored for the purposes of determination of actual cost.”
As stated above, the language employed in the amendment is “incurs”, signifying present tense and implying that it would apply to any expenditure which is incurred after the amendment is made effective, as per one view. As per the other view, it may also mean that both the event of incurring the expenditure and the payment thereof should be after the date on which the amendment is made effective. As per yet another review, it may mean that the expenditure may be incurred in past, that is, prior to the effective date of amendment, but, if the payment is made after the effective date of amendment, the provision would apply. Having regard to the provision, its language and the desire to be prospective, it appears that the first view or second view is preferable. The other view would require reworking of the actual cost in respect of the past and to what extent it should be done or not may be difficult as well as impractical.
Actual cost of asset in case of withdrawal of deduction in terms of section 35AD(7B) r/w 43(1):
Disallowance of Cash Payments under Section 35AD & Restrictions on Claim of Depreciation of Disallowed Capital Expenditure
As per the provisions of section 35AD investment linked deduction is available in respect of capital expenditure laid out for certain specified businesses. An amendment is has been made to curb the incurring of any expenditure in cash on such expenditure which is eligible for deduction under section 35AD and accordingly an expenditure of above Rs. 10,000/- in aggregate made to a person in a day shall not qualify for deduction under the provisions of the said section. It is to be noted that under the existing provisions of the Act revenue expenditure incurred in cash exceeding Rs. 10,000 is disallowed under section 40(A)(3) except in specific circumstances referred in Rule 6DD of Income Tax Rules, 1962. In order to discourage cash transactions even for capital expenditure ,the Act has been amended to clause (f) of Section 35AD(8) of Act whereby any capital expenditure in respect of which aggregate payment made to a person in a day otherwise then by account payee cheque, draft or ECS through bank account exceeding Rs. 10,000/- , same shall be disallowed.
Furthermore, as per the provisions of section 35AD(7B) if any asset, in respect of which deduction has been allowed earlier, is put to use for the purpose other than the specified business, then the expenditure allowed as reduced by depreciation calculated in terms of section 32, shall be added back to the income of the assessee in the year in which the asset is so used for purpose other than specified business. There was no clarity as to what would be the actual cost of such asset for the purpose of section 43. Accordingly, a proviso is being sought to be inserted to Explanation 13 in the section 43 in lines with the provisions of section 35AD(7B)which will provide that the actual cost of such asset shall be the actual cost to the assessee, as reduced by depreciation that would have been allowable if the asset had been used for such purpose (i.e for other than the specified business) since the date of its acquisition.
The above provisions can be summarized in the following manner:
- Capital Expenditure is required to be incurred in respect of which aggregate payment made to a person in a day otherwise then by account payee cheque, draft or ECS through bank account exceeding Rs. 10,000
- It is now provided that the Actual cost where deduction was allowed under section 35AD This proviso will revive the actual cost if section 35AD(7B) is revoked and thereby previous deduction are withdrawn.
- Capital asset in respect of which deduction allowed under 35AD is deemed to be the income of the assessee as per 35AD(7B)
- The actual Cost of the asset to the assessee shall be the actual cost as reduced by an amount equal to the amount of depreciation calculated at the rate in force that would have been allowable had the asset been used for the purpose of business
In case of any doubt or query, readers are requested to approach the author at ca.rskalra@yahoo.com.
Author Bio
can i received cash rs 10000 per day ag. in all 365 days on sale of rs each bill 36500*100 times each bill has different date
total sales 36500 * 100 = 3650000
total received each day is 10000 net received rs 3650000