Place of Supply
Destination based taxation is a system wherein revenue from tax relating to goods or services accrues to the jurisdiction where they are being ultimately consumed. It is also called consumption tax.
For Example, if A in Maharashtra Produces the goods and sells to B in Karnataka, then in such case revenue should go to the state of Karnataka instead of Maharashtra. This is Destination based taxation.
GST is Destination based taxation or consumption based taxation. By Destination based tax we mean that the revenue accrued to the place where the goods or services are consumed. Therefore Place of Supply in GST is nothing but the place where the goods or services are consumed.
Place of Supply is determined with the help of general or specific rule of place of supply. The general rules determine the place of supply with respect to the location of the recipient of the goods or service. The specific rule determines the place of supply with respect to specific rules applicable to the specific situation.
Place of supply of Goods
| Section of IGST Act | Situation | Place of Supply |
| 10(1)(a) | Supply Involves Movement of Goods | Location of the goods at the time of at which the movement of goods terminates for delivery to the recipient |
| Example: B comes to Rajasthan and purchase some goods from A and told to send the goods to Delhi, A takes the ability in his own name and send the goods to B in Delhi. In the given case, POS would be Delhi, as effective control of the goods to B is handed in Delhi. | ||
| 10(1)(b) | Goods are delivered by the supplier to a recipient or any other person, on the direction of a third person by way of by way of documents of title to the goods or otherwise | It shall be deemed that the said third person has received the goods and the POS of such goods shall be the principal place of business of such person. |
| Example: A in Rajasthan supplies goods to B in Delhi. B in Delhi asks A to send the goods to C in Maharashtra. Therefore, as the goods have been send to C in Maharashtra by A on the direction of B, the POS would be Delhi. | ||
| 10(1)(c) | Supply does not involve movement of goods | Location of such goods at the time of the delivery to the recipient. |
| Example: A and B both located in Rajasthan. B comes to shop of A. A delivers goods to B. POS would be Rajasthan. | ||
| 10(1)(c) | Goods are assembled or installed at Site | Place of supply shall be the place of such installation or assembly. |
| 10(1)(d) | Goods are supplied on board a conveyance, including a vessel, an aircraft, a train or a motor vehicle | Location at which such goods are taken on board |
| 10(1)(e) | Place of supply of goods cannot be determined as per above rules | POS shall be determined in such manner as may be prescribed |
Place of supply of Services
(A) Whether Both Location of Supplier of Service and Location of Recipient of Service in India
- General Rule Section 12(2)
- Specific Rule Section 12(3) to 12(14)
General Rule Section 12(2) of IGST Act, 2017:- If the recipient is a registered person then the place of supply would be the location of Recipient of service. If recipient is not a registered person and address of recipient exists on record then POS would be the location of the recipient. However in case the address of recipient does not exists on record, then the place of supply of service would be the location of the supplier of service.
Example: A located in Gujarat receives services at Gujarat from B Located in Rajasthan. A is a registered person under Gujarat GST. In this case POS will be Gujarat.
Specific Rule Section 12(3) to 12 (14) of IGST Act, 2017:-
| Section of IGST Act | Situation | Place of Supply |
| 12(3) | In relation to immovable property, accommodation at hotel, for social, religious function etc or services ancillary to it | Location at which the immovable property or boat or vessel is located or intended to be located, and if located outside India, location of service recipient |
| Example: (1) A in Delhi wants to construct a building at Jaipur. He hires an engineer based at Kolkata. POS in this case would be Jaipur as immovable property is intended to be located in Jaipur.
Example: (2) Sita registered in Jaipur. She goes to Kolkata and stays in a hotel at Kolkata. She also charges for use facility of Beauty treatment at hotel. POS would be Kolkata for accommodation service by hotel and Beauty treatment as it is an ancillary service to the accommodation |
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| 12(4) | Restaurant and catering services, personal grooming, fitness, beauty treatment, health service | Where the services are actually performed |
| 12(5) | Services in relation to training and performance appraisal | If recipient is registered than location of such person, otherwise location where the service actually performed. |
| Example: A located at Delhi provides training at Kolkata to employees of M Ltd, which is registered at Mumbai. POS will be Mumbai. If M Ltd is not a registered than POS will be Kolkata. | ||
| 12(6) | Services provided by way of admission to a cultural artistic, sporting, scientific, educational, or entertainment event or amusement park or ancillary service | Where the event is actually held or where the park or such other place is located. |
| 12(7) | Service provided by way of-
a. Organization of a cultural, artistic, sporting, scientific, educational or entertainment event including supply of service in relation to a conference fair, exhibition, celebration or similar or events, or b. Service ancillary to organization of any of the above events or services, or assigning of sponsorship of any of the above events. |
If recipient is registered than location of such person, otherwise location where the event is actually held. If the event is held outside India, the place of supply shall be the location of the recipient. |
| Example:1. K organizing a cultural event at Mumbai. He is registered in Kolkata. D is a registered person in Delhi, provides his services at Mumbai. POS would be Kolkata. However if K is not registered than POS would be Mumbai.
Example:2. A who is resident in Mumbai hires B who is resident of Jaipur to provide services for organizing an event at USA. POS would be Mumbai. |
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| 12(8) | Services by way of transportation of goods, including by mail or courier | If recipient is registered than location of such person, otherwise location at which such goods are handed over for their transportation |
| Example: D is registered person in Delhi. He sends some goods from transportation from Kolkata to Mumbai. POS would be Delhi. However if D is not registered person than POS would be Kolkata. | ||
| 12(9) | Passenger transportation service. | If recipient is registered than location of such person, otherwise place where the passenger embarks on the conveyance for a continuous journey.
Return Journey shall be treated as a separate journey. |
| 12(9) | Example:1 Journey from Mumbai-Delhi-London-Delhi: POS Delhi
Example:2 Journey from London-Mumbai-London: POS London Example:3 A books two tickets. 1st is Mumbai-Delhi and 2nd is Delhi-Mumbai for Return. In this case for 1st case POS is Mumbai and for 2nd Delhi. (all these example treated as unregistered.) |
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| 12(10) | Service on board a conveyance, including a vessel, an aircraft, a train or a motor vehicle | Location of the first scheduled point of departure of that conveyance for the journey. |
| 12(11)a | Telecommunication services including data transfer, broadcasting cable and direct to home television services | Where the fixed telecommunication line is installed for receipt of service |
| Example: A Limited registered at Mumbai provides a dish antenna at house of B in Jaipur. POS would be Jaipur | ||
| 12(11)b | Mobile connection for telecommunication and internet services provided on post- paid basis | Location of Billing address of the recipient of service of the supplier of service |
| 12(11)c | Mobile connection for telecommunication and internet services provided on pre payment through a voucher | Location where such pre payment is received or vouchers are sold |
| 12(11)d | Mobile connection for telecommunication and internet services provided on pre payment through electronic mode or internet banking | Location of the recipient of service on record of the supplier of service |
| 12(12) | Banking and other Financial services including stock broking services | Location of the recipient of services on the records of the supplier of services. If not, the location of the supplier of services. |
| Example: D in Delhi has a bank account with SBI. The address on record available with bank is in Kolkata. POS is Kolkata | ||
| 12(13) | Insurance Services | If recipient is registered than location of such person, otherwise location of the recipient of services on the records of the supplier of services. |
| Example: A is person located at Jaipur and taken an insurance policy from a company based in Mumbai. If A is registered then POS would be Jaipur. Otherwise location of the recipient of services on the records of the supplier of services. | ||
| 12(14) | Advertisement services to Central Government, a state government, a statutory body or a local authority | Located in each of such states and the value of such supplies specific to each state shall be in proportion to amount attributable to service provided by way of dissemination in the respective states. |
| Example: A Ltd, located and registered in Mumbai has been appointed as an Advertisement Agency by Government of Rajasthan for Advertisement of Make in India in the entire state of Rajasthan. POS would be Rajasthan. | ||
(B). Whether Location of Supplier of Service or Location of Recipient of Service is outside India
- General Rule Section 13(2)
- Specific Rule Section 13(3) to 13(13)
General Rule Section 13(2) of IGST Act, 2017:- Wherein either location of the supplier or location of recipient of service is outside India is as follows:
a. The default provision states that POS in such cases would be location of recipient of services.
b. If location of recipient is not available in ordinary course of business, then POS would be location of supplier of services.
Specific Rule Section 13(3) to 13 (13) of IGST Act, 2017:-
| Section of IGST Act | Situation | Place of Supply |
| 13(3)(a) | Services supplied in respect of goods that are required to be made physically available by the recipient of service to the supplier of service, or to a person acting on behalf of the supplier of service in order to provide the service. | Location where the services actually performed |
| Remarks: The basic requirements of a service to be covered under this rule is that the goods temporarily come into the physical possession or control of the service provider and without this happening, the service cannot be rendered. Thus the service involves movable objects or things than can be touched, felt or possessed.
Example: A sends the goods to B for repairing of the said goods. The goods are again handed over to A by B after repairing. The POS would be where the service are performed by B. |
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| Proviso | When such services are provided from a remote location by way of electronic means.
This clause shall not apply in the case of a service supplied in respect of goods that are temporarily imported into India for repair and exported after repairs without being put to any use in India, other than that which is required for such repair |
Location where goods are situated at the time of supply of service. |
| 13(3)(b) | Services supplied to an individual, represented either as the recipient of services or a person acting on behalf of the recipient which require the physical presence of the recipient or the person acting on his behalf, with the supplier for the supply of services. | POS would be the location where the services are actually performed. |
| 13(4) | Services supplied in relation to an immovable property, including services supplied in this regard by experts and estate agents, supply of hotel accommodation by a hotel, inn, guest house, club or campsite, by whatever name called, grant of rights to use immovable property, services for carrying out or co-ordination of construction work, including architects or interior decorators | Place where the immovable property is located or intended to be located. |
| 13(5) | Services supplied by way of admission to, or organization of, a cultural, artistic, sporting, scientific, education, or entertainment event, or a celebration, conference, fair, exhibition, or similar event, and of services ancillary to such admission or organization | POS shall be the place where the event is actually held. |
| Example: A comes from USA and attends a conference at Mumbai. POS would be Mumbai. | ||
| 13(6) | Where services referred in above 13(3), 13(4), 13(5) is supplied at more than one location, including a location in the taxable territory | Location in the taxable territory where the greatest proportion of the service is provided |
| 13(7) | Where services referred in above 13(3), 13(4), 13(5) is supplied at more than one state | POS of such services shall be taken as being in each of the states in proportion to the value of services so provided in each state |
| 13(8) | (a) services supplied by a banking company, or a financial institution, or a non-banking financial company, to account holders; (b) intermediary services; (c) services consisting of hiring of means of transport, including yachts but excluding aircraft and vessels, up to a period of one month. | POS shall be the location of the supplier of services |
| Example: A located in India, gives intermediary service to B located in USA. POS would be location of supplier of service i.e. A, India.
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| 13(9) | Services of transportation of goods, other than by way of mail or courier | POS would be destination of the goods |
| Example: A send some goods through transporter from India to USA. POS would be USA. | ||
| 13(10) | Passenger transportation service | Where the passenger embarks on the conveyance for a continuous journey |
| Example: A resident of USA, goes to UK from India. He embarks from India. POS would be India. | ||
| 13(11) | Service provided on board a conveyance during the course of a passenger transport operation, intended to be consumed while on board | First scheduled point of departure of that conveyance for the journey |
| 13(12) | Online information and database access or retrieval services | Location of recipient of service |
| 13(13) | In order to prevent double taxation or non-taxation of the supply of a service, or
for the uniform application of rules, the Government shall have the power to notify any description of services or circumstances in which the place of supply shall be the place of effective use and enjoyment of a service. |
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Author Bio
Good Morning, Can any body help, We have place of business in India and place an Sale Order on Customer in India, but the item will come from outside india for repair wherein repair work will be done in india and again shipped back outside india. Billing will be done to Customer in India. Whether GST applicable or not. Kindly mention the sections under GST.
Does GSTR1 support all these transactions? My experience is no. Because in one practical transaction, supplier of goods is in Karnataka and receiver of goods in Andhra Pradesh (AP) with delivery instructions in AP. Supplier charged IGST. Now while filling GSTR1 off-line tool, the POS is to be selected as AP but this template is showing error. If POS is changed in the filed to Karnataka, it is showing error free. Will it not create future complications in claiming ITC by receiver and also wrong charging of tax by supplier instead of CGST & SGST, he charged IGST based on this tool?
Ajay Shirke JI,
In all the situation asked by you, POS is maharashtra i.e where the movement of goods terminate. As Sec 10 of IGST (1) The place of supply of goods shall be as under,––
(a) where the supply involves movement of goods, whether by the supplier or
the recipient or by any other person, the place of supply of such goods shall be the
location of the goods at the time at which the movement of goods terminates for
delivery to the recipient;
Incidentally, I am also in search of solution to above questions as are raised by Mr. shirke
As per section 10(1) a of IGST Act, what would be POS under different scenario as mentioned below & which tax to be charged.
1. A(Gujarat) send material to B(Maharashtra)& arrange delivery to Maharashtra while Inco term is “Ex-work”
2. A(Gujarat) send material to B(Maharashtra)& arrange delivery to Maharashtra while Inco term is “FOR- Maharashtra”
3.A(Gujarat) sold material to B(Maharashtra)& Material delivery(Transportation) is arranged by B at his own. Inco term is Ex-work Gujarat.
4.A(Gujarat) sold material to B(Maharashtra)& Material delivery(Transportation) is arranged by B at his own. Inco term is FOR-Maharashtra.
Kindly advice on above cases.