Director General of Anti-Profiteering Vs Vishwanath Builders Projects Ltd (Competition Commission of India)
The case of Director General of Anti-Profiteering (DGAP) Vs Vishwanath Builders has recently garnered attention due to its complex layers related to the application of anti-profiteering provisions under Section 171 of the CGST Act, 2017. This article aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the case, involving the implications of pre and post-GST era projects and their compliance with Section 171.
Analysis: The DGAP initiated an investigation against Vishwanath Builders based on the directive of the National Anti-Profiteering Authority (NAA) to examine profiteering in relation to various projects. The DGAP’s report suggested no contravention of Section 171(1) of the CGST Act, 2017, stating that Vishwanath Builders didn’t benefit from additional input tax credit post-GST. The report further outlined three projects – Vishwanath Sopan, Vishwanath Sarathya, and Vishwanath Samam – each having unique GST implications. The project Vishwanath Sarathya, which started in the pre-GST era and completed post-GST, had a profiteered amount determined by the NAA. The other two projects, Vishwanath Sopan (completed in pre-GST era) and Vishwanath Samam (initiated post-GST era), fell outside the ambit of Section 171.
FULL TEXT OF THE ORDER OF COMPETITION COMMISSION OF INDIA
1 The present Report dated 21.02.2023 had been received from the Director General of Anti-Profiteering (hereinafter referred to as the “DGAP”) on 23.02.2023 by the Competition Commission of India (hereinafter referred to as the “Commission”) after a detailed investigation under Rule 133(5) of the Central Goods & Service Tax (CGST) Rules, 2017 (hereinafter referred to as the “Rules”). The brief facts of the case are that the erstwhile National Anti-Profiteering Authority (hereinafter referred to as the “NAA”) in the case of M/s Vishwanath Builders, 17, N. D. Avenue, Opposite Club 07, Sky City Road, Off S P Ring Road. Shela, Ahmedabad-380058 (hereinafter referred to as “the Respondent”), vide Para-13 of the Order No. 61/2022 dated 26.08.2022 had directed the DGAP to investigate profiteering in relation to projects other than the project “VISHVVANATH SARATHYA” being constructed by the Respondent under single GST Registration No. i.e. 24ABEPV6263D1ZN under Rule 133(5) of the Rules, and submit investigation report to the NAA for determination whether the Respondent was liable to pass on the benefit of ITC in respect of all the other Projects/Blocks to the buyers, or not, as per the provisions of Section 171(1) of the CGST Act, 2017.
2. Vide the above-mentioned Report, the DGAP has stated: –
i. That the NAA had gone through the Investigation Report dated 26.02.2021 submitted by the DGAP in the subject case, wherein it had passed Order No. 61/2022 dated 26.08.2022. As per para 9 of the order, NAA had determined the amount of profiteering to the tune of Rs. 2,95,93,850/- Further vide para 13 of the order the Authority observed that: –
The Authority finds that the respondent might also be executing other projects under the same Registration No. 24ABEPV6263D1ZN and the issue of profiteering might arise in the other projects as well. In view of the observation made in the earlier paragraph, the Authority finds that there exists reason to investigate other projects for the purpose of determination of profiteering. Accordingly, this Authority as per the provisions of Section 171(2) of the above Act takes suo moto cognizance of the same and in terms of Rule 133(5) of the said Rules, directs the DGAP to conduct investigation in respect of the other projects executed under the said registration and submit Report to this Authority for determination whether the Respondent was liable to pass on the benefit of ITC in respect of the other projects/towers to the buyers or not as per the provisions of Section 171(1) of the above Act”.
ii. That the DGAP had initiated investigation under Rule 133(5) of the CGST Rules 2017 in compliance with the directions contained in Para 13 of Order No. 61/2022 dated 26.08.2022. The present investigation has been conducted in respect of all other projects of the Respondent being executed under the same GST Registration No. 24ABEPV6263D1ZN.
iii. That a notice under Rule 129 of the Rules was issued by the DGAP on 01.09.2022 to the Respondent, calling upon the details of all the projects being executed by the Respondent under the same GST Registration No. to investigate whether commensurate benefit of ITC had been passed on by the Respondent to the recipients in respect of construction service supplied by the Respondent for all the projects and the Respondent was requested to furnish the fresh requisite information/data for the period up to August 2022.
iv. That the period covered by the current investigation was from 07.2017 to 31.08.2022.
v. That in terms of Rule 133(5)(b) of the Rules, read with Rule 129(6) of the Rules, the time limit to complete the investigation was on or before 28.02.2023.
vi. That in response to the Notice dated 01.09.2022 and subsequent Reminder-1 dated 28.09.2022, Reminder-II dated 10.2022, Reminder-III dated 14.10.2022, summons dated 02.11.2022 & 27.12.2022 and letter dated 30.01.2023 to the jurisdictional Commissioner and to the Respondent and finally letter dated 13.02.2023 to the Respondent, the Respondent submitted his replies vide e-mails/letters dated 13.10.2022, 25.10.2022, 9/10.11.2022, 06.12.2022, 16.12.2022, 29.12.2022, 31.12.2022, 08/09.02.2023, 17.02.2023 and 18.02.2023.
vii. That vide the aforementioned emails/letters, the Respondent submitted the following data/documents/information:
a) Brief profile of the Respondent and details of the jurisdictional GST Office.
b) The Returns GSTR – 1, GSTR – 3B and GSTR – 9, for the period from July 2017 to 2022-23.
c) The details of Tran-1 and Tran-2 Returns filed by him.
d) The details of Electronic Credit Ledger for the period up to June 2017.
e) VAT Returns and ST-3 Returns from April 2016 to June
f) Details of Cenvat/ITC Register for various projects for the year 2016-17, 2017-18 up to June 2017.
g) Details of applicable tax rate Pre-GST and Post-GST.
h) Balance-sheets from Financial Year 2016-17 to 2020-21.
i) Copies of report/details submitted before RERA.
j) Status of the projects Vishwanath Samam and Vishwanath Sarathya as on 31.08.2022 in terms of tower-wise sold and unsold units and Building Use Permission (BU Permissions) of all three projects.
viii. That the Respondent had submitted details of three projects namely Vishwanath Sopan, Vishwanath Sarathya and Vishwanath Samam. Out of the 3 projects, the project Vishwanath Sopan had commenced and was completed in pre-GST era i.e., before June 30th 2017, the project Vishwanath Samam had commenced operations in post-GST era i.e., on or after July 1, 2017 and the third one Vishwanath Sarathya was started in pre-GST era and was completed post coming into force of GST. The Project Wise commencement and completion as given by the Respondent was as under:
