Case Law Details
Durga Prasad Sana Vs ITO (ITAT Hyderabad)
The recent Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT) Hyderabad case of Durga Prasad Sana Vs ITO brings into focus the tax implications of foreign assignment allowances for Indian residents working abroad. The crux of the case was whether the foreign assignment allowance received by the assessee (Durga Prasad Sana), who was stationed in Abu Dhabi, should be taxed in India or not.
The Background
Durga Prasad Sana, an employee of IBM India Private Limited, was sent on a long-term assignment to Abu Dhabi, UAE. While his salary was paid in India, it included a component of a foreign allowance received outside the country. The Assessing Officer initially argued that the allowance was taxable in India since the employment contract was based here.
Points of Contention
1. The Assessing Officer’s View: The officer contended that since the Indian company transferred the foreign allowances and deducted TDS (Tax Deducted at Source) in India, the income was Indian-source income.
2. CIT(A) Agreement: The Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) agreed with the Assessing Officer, stating that the place of accrual of the salary income was in India.
3. Durga Prasad Sana’s Argument: Sana contended that as he was a non-resident during that financial year, the foreign assignment allowance, which neither accrued nor was received in India, should not be taxed here.
Legal Precedents
Sana’s lawyers cited multiple cases, including Bodhisattva Chattopadhyay vs. CIT and Sri Ranjit Kumar Vuppu vs. ITO, which ruled in favor of the non-resident Indian workers, stating that the income accrued for services rendered outside India should not be taxed in India.
ITAT Decision
ITAT Hyderabad ultimately ruled in favor of Durga Prasad Sana. The Tribunal pointed out that similar issues had already been settled by other courts, asserting that the income derived for performing services outside India is not taxable in India.
Conclusion
The case of Durga Prasad Sana Vs ITO sets a precedent for similar cases involving Indian residents working on foreign assignments. The ITAT Hyderabad ruling upholds the principle that foreign assignment allowances received for services rendered outside India should not be subject to taxation in India. This decision not only brings relief to Durga Prasad Sana but also provides clarity for countless Indian professionals working abroad.
FULL TEXT OF THE ORDER OF ITAT HYDERABAD
Aggrieved by the order dated 24/06/2022 passed by the learned Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals)-10, Hyderabad (“Ld. CIT(A)”) in the case of Durga Prasad Sana (“the assessee”) for the assessment year 201819, assessee preferred this appeal.
2. Only question that is central to this appeal is whether the foreign assignment allowance received by the assessee for the services rendered outside India could be taxed in India?
2. Brief facts are that the assessee is an employee of IBM India Private Limited, which is an Indian company. The said company sent the assessee on long term assignment to Abu Dhabi, UAE. During the year, the assessee received salary which includes the component of the foreign allowance received outside India. The employee transferred the foreign assignment allowance from the bank accounts held in India to the nostro accounts to top it up to the Travel Currency Card (TCC), which the assessee can use only abroad, but not in India, and it is a foreign currency denominated account. Assessee offered such portion of the salary which was received by him in India, but claimed the foreign assignment allowances received outside India as ‘exempt income’.
3. While processing the returns of income filed by the assessee, the learned Assessing Officer took the view that though the assessee qualify to be non-residents during the financial year 2018-19 and physically working outside India, he was only loaned to other organizations to work in other countries. The assessee continued to be on the pay rolls of IBM India Private Limited only. Further, the Indian company transferred the sums representing the foreign allowances through the bank which were disbursed outside India. According to the learned Assessing Officer, the very fact that the employer deducted the TDS in India on the entire amounts paid to the assessee itself shows that as per the employer, it was an Indian source income earned by the assessee in India, and, therefore, the situs of employment is in India only, because the contract of employment was in India. Learned Assessing Officer, therefore, concluded that the situs of employment is in India and accordingly, the salary income accrued to the assessee in India and, therefore, the same is liable to be taxed in India.
4. Aggrieved, assessee preferred appeals before the learned CIT(A). The learned CIT(A) concurred with the observations of the learned Assessing Officer and held that the place of accrual of salary income is in India and the other country is a host country as per the terms of assignment contract that TDS made by the employer is the primary evidence to show that the situs of employment is in India and the entire salary is accrued to the assessee in India. Learned CIT(A) accordingly dismissed the appeals preferred by the assessee.
5. Assessee is, therefore, aggrieved and filed this appeal contending that it is incorrect to say that the foreign assignment allowance for the services rendered outside India and received outside India to be taxed in India. The assessee is being a non-resident would not be liable to tax under the Act as the foreign assignment allowance was not received nor accrued nor deemed to be received/accrued in India during the year for services rendered in India.
6. Learned AR submitted that this issue is no longer res integra and an identical facts for arising in the cases of Bodhisattva Chattopadhyay vs. CIT [2019] 111 com 374 (Kolkata – Trib.), Sri Ranjit Kumar Vuppu vs. ITO, ITA No. 86/Hyd/2021, dated 22/04/2021, DCIT vs. Sudipta Maity [2018] 96 taxmann.com 336 (Kolkata – Trib.), Sri Srinivas Mahesh Laxman vs. ITO, ITA No. 1991/Hyd/2018, dated 28/05/2021 and Shri Venkata Rama Rao vs. ITO, ITA No. 1992/Hyd/2018, dated 25/02/2021, wherein the Coordinate Benches of this Tribunal while placing reliance on the decisions of the Hon’ble High Courts of Bombay, Karnataka and Calcutta in the cases of CIT vs. Avtar Singh Wadhwan [2001] 115 Taxman 536 (Bombay), DIT vs. Prahlad Vijendra Rao [2011] 198 Taxman 551 (Karnataka) and Utanka Roy vs. DIT [2017] 82 taxmann.com 113 (Calcutta) held that the income derived by a non-resident for performing services outside India, the accrual thereof happens outside India, such income cannot be taxed in India under section 5(2) of the Act. He also placed reliance on the decision of the Co-ordinate Bench of the Tribunal in the case of Shri Tadimarri Prasanth and others in ITA No. 366/Hyd/2022 and others, for the assessment year 2018-19, dated 28/06/2023 stating that the facts are identical.
7. Learned DR argued very vehemently in the same line as that of the authorities below to submit that since the assessee is on the pay rolls of the Indian company even during his assignment abroad, his service conditions are controlled and governed by the parent company in India and also because the parent company deducted TDS on the entire remuneration received by the assessee, this conclusively proves that the situs of employment is in India. According to him, merely because the assessee was directed to perform duties on foreign soil for a temporary period of time, it does not take away the right of the Revenue to collect tax on such amount, which was accrued/received by the assessee in India. According to him, the reasoning given by the learned Assessing Officer to come to the conclusion that all through this period, the situs of employment is in India is impeccable and does not require any interference.
8. Further contention of the learned DR is that the income was received by the assessee in India when the employee transferred the foreign assignment allowance from the bank accounts held in India to the nostro accounts to top it up to the Travel Currency Card (TCC) and, therefore, point of receipt is the point of payment, which goes to show that since the employer transferred the amount in India, it automatically means that the receipt also happens in India. According to him, the Bank is the agent of the employee, and therefore, payment to the banker is equivalent to payment to the assessee. Apart from that, Revenue vehemently contended that though the assessee is sent on foreign assignment, the umbilical cord still lies with the Indian company inasmuch as salary is paid by the Indian company and all the service conditions are controlled by the Indian company.
9. We have gone through the record in the light of the submissions made on either side. So far as the facts are concerned absolutely there is no dispute. Assessee happens to be an employee of IBM India Private Limited during the relevant period and the authorities acknowledged that he is a non-resident at that time. On a careful consideration of the contentions raised on either side, in the light of the decisions relied upon by the assessee, we are of the considered opinion that the issue involved in this case is no longer res integra and all the aspects raised by the Revenue are elaborately and exhaustively dealt with by co-ordinate Benches of this Tribunal in the cases of Bodhisattva Chattopadhyay vs. CIT (supra), Sri Ranjit Kumar Vuppu vs. ITO (supra), DCIT vs. Sudipta Maity (supra), Sri Srinivas Mahesh Laxman vs. ITO (supra), Shri Venkata Rama Rao vs. ITO (supra) and Shri Tadimarri Prasanth and others (supra).
10. While reaching the conclusion that such an amount of foreign assignment allowance received for the services rendered outside India by way of TCC abroad is not taxable in India, reliance was placed by the co-ordinate Benches of the Tribunal on the decisions of CIT vs. Avtar Singh Wadhwan (supra), DIT vs. Prahlad Vijendra Rao (supra) and Utanka Roy vs. DIT (supra). In the case of Bodhisattva Chattopadhyay vs. CIT (supra), the facts are identical. In that case also the assessee was found to be a nonresident and the assessee received the foreign assignment allowance which the employer transferred from the employer’s bank account held in Bangalore to Axis Bank nostro account for top up to the TCC and also that the employer affected TDS on the entire remuneration that was paid to the assessee both in India and abroad. Further in that case, the contention of the Revenue was that the impugned foreign assignment allowance did not suffer any tax in the host country and, therefore, it was a case of double non-taxation which is impermissible under law.
11. By placing reliance on the binding precedents and dealing with the issues elaborately, the Tribunal reached a conclusion that the foreign assignment allowance that was topped up to the TCC of the assessee, though it was transferred by the employer from their bank account in India to the Axis bank’s nostro accounts, is not taxable in India. The Tribunal repelled contentions of the Revenue as to the double non-taxation of this amount, because it was not subjected to any tax in the host country, stating that such a fact is immaterial to decide the issue, because the question effectively is whether such foreign assignment allowance is taxable in India or not? For such question, the subjection of the said amount to tax in the host country is totally irrelevant.
12. Since the issue involved in this appeal has consistently been dealt with by the Tribunal and also by the higher fora, we respectfully follow the view taken in all the cases. We accordingly accept the contentions of the assessee and reject the plea taken by the Revenue. Accordingly, the grounds raised by the assessee in all this appeal are allowed.
13. In the result, appeal of the assessee is allowed.
Order pronounced in the open court on this the 16th day of August, 2023.
