The Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) issued a notice highlighting SEBI’s circular modifying Chapter IV of the Master Circular for Debenture Trustees, effective immediately. The update clarifies the creation and utilization of the Recovery Expense Fund (REF) by issuers for enforcement and legal proceedings in the event of default on listed debt securities. The circular specifies that REF can cover costs such as obtaining consents from debenture holders, conducting meetings, voting processes, filing court applications, legal fees, and engaging asset recovery services or legal consultants. Prior approval from debenture holders is not required for expenses explicitly covered, while other uses require consent and reporting to the designated stock exchange. The exchange will release REF amounts within five working days upon verification of independent auditor certificates. Debenture Trustees must maintain detailed accounts and provide annual updates to holders. The circular aims to streamline legal enforcement, improve transparency, and promote investor protection in the debt securities market.
Bombay Stock Exchange
NOTICES
Notice No. 20251127-66 Notice Date: 27 Nov 2025
Segment: Debt Category: Circulars Listed Companies
Subject: Modifications to Chapter IV of the Master Circular for Debenture Trustees
Dear Sir \ Madam
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has issued Circular No. HO/17/11/12(3)2025-DDHS-POD1/ I/145/2025 dated November 25, 2025, regarding Modifications to Chapter IV of the Master Circular for Debenture Trustees dated August 13, 2025.
The provisions of this circular shall come into effect immediately.
The aforesaid circular is attached for reference.
Listed entities are requested to take note and comply accordingly.
Netra Sahani
Deputy Vice President
Listing Compliance and Monitoring
Kunal Borkar
Manager
Listing Compliance and Monitoring
CIRCULAR
HO/17/11/12(3)2025-DDHS-POD1/ I/145/2025 November 25, 2025
To,
All Registered Debenture Trustees,
Issuers who have listed and/ or propose to list debt securities,
Recognized Stock Exchanges, and
Recognized Depositories
Dear Sir/ Madam,
Sub: Modifications to Chapter IV of the Master Circular for Debenture Trustees dated August 13, 2025
1. Chapter IV of the Master Circular for Debenture Trustees dated August 13, 20251 (‘DT Master Circular’), inter-alia, specifies provisions in respect of Recovery Expense Fund (REF).
2. While the DT Master Circular specifies the broad purpose of REF, it does not explicitly specify the list of purposes for which REF can be utilized and hence, the DTs face certain difficulties in obtaining consent as well as reimbursement from REF.
3. Accordingly, pursuant to the recommendations of the Working Group of DTs for Ease of Doing Business, discussions in Corporate Bonds and Securitization Advisory Committee (CoBoSAC) and public consultation, the following modifications to Chapter IV of the DT Master Circular, are being specified:
3.1. The introductory paragraph is modified as under:
“In order to enable the Debenture Trustee to take prompt action for enforcement/ legal proceedings in case of ‘default’ in listed debt securities, a ‘Recovery Expense Fund’ (REF) shall be created by issuer which shall be used by Debenture Trustee under guidelines provided below.”
3.2. The paragraph 2 is modified as under:
“Manner of utilization of Recovery Expense Fund:
2.1. In the event of default, the Debenture Trustee/ Lead Debenture Trustee may get reimbursed from the REF for all the related activities for enforcement/ legal proceedings including but not limited to obtaining various consents from debenture holders, voting process, holding of meetings of debenture holders, filing court applications, legal fees, expenses for asset recovery services, appointment of legal consultants in respect of enforcement/ legal proceedings in the event of default.
2.2. In case the utilization of REF is for purposes explicitly specified under paragraph 2.1 above, prior approval from the debenture holders shall not be required. Debenture Trustee shall intimate debenture holders through mail and upload on its website regarding the reimbursement from REF. In case the utilization of REF is for purposes other than explicitly mentioned in paragraph 2.1 above, the Debenture Trustee/ Lead Debenture Trustee shall obtain prior consent of the holders of the debt securities and shall inform the same to the Designated Stock Exchange.
2.3. Debenture Trustee shall inform the Designated Stock Exchange to release the amount from the REF and submit an independent auditor’s certificate regarding the expenses incurred to the Stock Exchange, which shall be verified by the Stock Exchange before release of the amount from the REF to the DT.
2.4. The Designated Stock Exchange shall release the amount lying in the REF to the Debenture Trustee/ Lead Debenture Trustee within five working days of receipt of such intimation.
2.5. For the purpose of the provisions of this Chapter, Lead Debenture Trustee shall mean:
a. A Debenture Trustee who is chosen as the Lead Debenture Trustee by other Debenture Trustees; or
b. A Debenture Trustee who represents holders of more than 50% of the outstanding value of debt securities.
2.6. The Debenture Trustee shall keep a proper account of all expenses incurred out of the funds received from REF.
2.7. The Debenture Trustee shall on an annual basis update the debenture holders regarding the utilization of such funds.”
4. The remaining provisions of Chapter IV of the DT Master Circular remain unchanged.
5. The provisions of this circular shall come into effect immediately.
6. This circular is issued in exercise of powers conferred under Section 11(1) of Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992, Regulation 2A of the SEBI (Debenture Trustees) Regulations 1993, Regulation 101 of the SEBI (Listing Obligations and Disclsoure Requirements) Regulations, 2015, and Regulation 55 of the SEBI (Issue and Listing of Non-Convertible Securities) Regulations, 2021, to protect the interest of investors in securities and to promote the development of, and to regulate, the securities market.
7. This circular is available on the website of the Securities and Exchange Board of India at sebi.gov.in under the category “Legal” and under the drop down “Circulars”.
8. This circular is issued with the approval of the competent authority.
Yours faithfully,
Divya Hamirbasia
Deputy General Manager
Department of Debt and Hybrid Securities
Tel No. – 022-2644-9293
Email ID – divyah@sebi.gov.in
Notes:-
1 Master Circular no. SEBI/HO/DDHS-PoD-1/P/CIR/2025/117;
