Case Law Details
Sunwin Papers Vs Sivadarshini Papers Pvt. Ltd. (Madras High Court)
Held that order passed under section 16 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 can be challenged under section 34 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996
Facts- ‘Sivadarshini Papers Pvt. Ltd.’ has raised two points i.e. section 34 petition is not maintainable qua impugned award as it is proceedings under section 16 and Sunwin ceased to be a MSME owing to notification no. 10.01.2017 notification and therefore reference to arbitration itself is bad u/s 18 of MSMED Act.
Conclusion- Hon’ble Supreme Court in the case of Indian Farmers Fertilizer Co-operative Limited Vs. Bhadra Products has held that if an order under Section 16 has the effect of concluding the arbitral proceedings, the same would be subject to an appeal under Section 37.
As the challenge to the impugned award by the protagonist of captioned Arb OP snugly fits into two pigeon holes namely Section 34(2)(b)(ii) read with Clause (ii) of Explanation 1 thereat and Section 34(2A) namely conflict with public policy and patent illegality respectively, the prayer in the captioned Arb OP i.e., the recast prayer as set out supra elsewhere in this order is answered in the affirmative.
FULL TEXT OF THE JUDGMENT/ORDER OF MADRAS HIGH COURT
Captioned ‘Arbitration Original Petition’ [hereinafter ‘Arb OP’ for the sake of brevity, convenience and clarity] has been presented in this Court on 21.12.2020 under Section 34 of ‘The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 [Act No.26 of 1996]’ (hereinafter ‘A and C Act’ for the sake of convenience and clarity). The prayer in captioned Arb OP has been set out in paragraph 10 of the Arb OP petition and the same reads as follows:
’10. It is therefore prayed that this Hon’ble Court may be pleased:
a) To set aside partially in issue No.1 of the Arbitral Award dated 01.10.2020 bearing No.I.A.F 32/2019 passed by Sole Arbitrator.
b) To direct the respondent to pay the costs and
c) To grant such further reliefs as this Hon’ble Court may deem fit under the circumstances of the case and thus render justice.’
2. Mr.P.Rajasekaran, party-in-person [power of attorney of his spouse Mrs.R.Thilagavathi, carrying on business in the name and style ‘Sunwin Papers’ as sole proprietrix] petitioner and Mr.Adarsh Subramanian, learned counsel for lone respondent are before this Court.
3. The prayer in the captioned Arb OP is not happily worded. The submissions made at the Bar and the case file bring to light that captioned Arb OP is essentially a challenge to ‘proceedings dated 01.10.2020 bearing reference I.A.F.No.32 of 2019’ [hereinafter ‘impugned award’ for the sake of convenience] made by a sole Arbitrator i.e., ‘Arbitral Tribunal’ [‘AT’ for the sake of brevity]. To be noted, this impugned proceedings dated 01.10.2020 is being be referred to as ‘impugned award’ for the sake of convenience and clarity though it is essentially proceedings made under Section 16 of A and C Act.
4. Short facts shorn of granular particulars will suffice as this is a legal drill under Section 34 of A and C Act.
5. Short facts are that ‘Sunwin Papers’ [hereinafter ‘Sunwin’ for the sake of convenience and clarity] has registered itself with the Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises and obtained registration from 20.06.2015, there has been some add on (on and from 09.11.2016); that such registration is under Serial No.46 captioned Wholesale trade, except motor vehicles and motorcycles and sub-classifications 4669-Wholesale waste, scrap and other products & 46696-Wholesale of paper in bulk; that Sunwin claiming that it had made certain supplies to ‘Sivadarshini Papers Pvt. Ltd.,’ [hereinafter ‘SPPL’ for the sake of convenience] and alleging that payments towards the same are pending, triggered the mechanism under ‘The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006 (27 of 2006)’ which shall hereinafter be referred to as ‘MSMED Act’ for the sake of brevity, convenience and clarity; that there is no disputation that Section 18 of MSMED Act is one where the A and C Act has been incorporated and therefore, it is legislation by incorporation; that after Conciliation, the authority under MSME made a reference to Arbitration qua ‘Madras High Court Arbitration Centre under the aegis of this Court’ [‘MHCAC’]; that AT entered upon reference; that before AT, SPPL raised a preliminary issue under Section 16 of A and C Act; that the preliminary issue is that Sunwin ceased to be a MSME on and from 10.01.2017 owing to notification S.O.85(E) on the strength of which Office Memorandum dated 27.06.2017 has been issued; that serial No.46 and the sub-classification thereunder vide which Sunwin has obtained registration has been excluded by this Office Memorandum was the primary issue; that AT took up this as a preliminary issue of jurisdiction; that AT decided the preliminary issue in favour of SPPL; that owing to the decision qua this preliminary issue, arbitrable disputes that have been raised were not gone into; that Sunwin saying that they are aggrieved by the impugned award have presented the captioned Arb OP in this Court.
6. In the hearing today, learned counsel for SPPL raised two points and they are as follows:
a) A Section 34 petition is not maintainable qua impugned award as it is proceedings under Section 16;
b) Sunwin ceased to be a MSME owing to the 10.01.2017 notification and therefore reference to arbitration itself is bad under Section 18 of MSMED Act which is a legislation by incorporation (as already alluded to supra).
7. As a protagonist of captioned Arb OP and in response to the aforementioned objections, party-in-person Thiru.P.Rajasekaran made submissions, which are as follows:
a) The impugned award brings the proceedings to a closure and therefore, Section 34 is maintainable;
b) Notification dated 10.01.2017 is prospective and therefore, it does not affect existence registrants. In other words, it would apply only to fresh applicants.
8. This Court now proceeds to consider the rival submissions, discuss the same and give its dispositive reasoning.
9. As regards the first point on maintainability, this Court is of the considered view that Bhadra Products principle being ratio laid down by Hon’ble Supreme Court in Indian Farmers Fertilizer Co-Operative Limited Vs. Bhadra Products reported in (2018) 2 SCC 534 is a complete answer to this question. Though Bhadra Products penned by Hon’ble Mr.Justice Rohinton Fali Nariman turns on a case where limitation was decided by AT, the principle is, if an order under Section 16 has the effect of concluding the arbitral proceedings, the same would be subject to an appeal under Section 37. Sauce to Goose is sauce for the Gander too. Therefore, I am inclined to entertain captioned Arb OP essentially because what is now being referred to as impugned award i.e., proceedings dated 01.10.2020 gives a closure to the arbitral proceedings.
10. This takes us to the next point. This is fairly simple and straight forward. Sunwin is a registrant and a scanned reproduction of the registration is as follows:
11. Thereafter, 10.01.2017 notification being S.O.85(E) came to be issued and a scanned reproduction of the same is as follows:
12. The Office Memorandum dated 27.10.2017 predicated on the aforementioned 10.01.2017 notification is as follows:
F.No. UAM/MC/01/2017-SME
Government of India
Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises
(SME Section)
***
Udyog Bhawan, New Delhi
Dated: 27.06.2017
OFFICE MEMORANDUM
Sub: Activities (NIC codes) not covered under MSMED Act, 2006 for registration of Udyog Aadhaar Memorandum(UAM)- regarding
The undersigned is directed to inform that Sub Section 1 of Section 7 of Micro Small or Medium Enterprises Development Act 2006 provides for classification of enterprises engaged in manufacturing or production of goods as well as enterprises engaged in providing or rendering of services as micro, small and medium based on investment in plant and machinery and equipment respectively. Sub Section 1 of Section 8 provides that any person who intends to establish a micro or small or medium enterprise engaged in manufacture or production of goods or providing or rendering of services may at his discretion shall file a memorandum of micro, small or medium enterprises in accordance with the provisions of Act. Subsequently, Ministry of Micro Small or Medium Enterprises notified vide notification number S.O. 2576 (E) dated 18.9.2015 and subsequent notification No. SO 85(E) dated 10.1.2017 for registration of Udyog Aadhaar Memorandum for Micro, Small or Medium Enterprises. In this context it is further clarified that the activities in Table.1 below would not be included in the manufacture or production of goods or providing or rendering of services in accordance with Section 7 of the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise Development Act, 2006:-
Table.1
|
NIC Code |
Activity |
| 02 | Forestry and logging |
| 03 | Fishing and aquaculture |
| 45 | Wholesale and retail trade and repair of motor vehicle and motorcycles |
| 46 | Wholesale trade except of motor vehicles and motor cycles 47 |
| 47 | Retail Trade Except of Motor Vehicles and motor cycles |
| 97 | Activities of households as employees fur domestic personnel |
| 98 | Undifferentiated goods and services producing activities of private households for own use |
| 99 | Activities of extraterritorial organization and bodies |
2. The NIC 2-digit activity 01- crop, animal production, hunting and related activities would also not be included as per Section 7 of the Act except for the sub-classes of activities at 5-digit level given in Table 2.:
13. There are two facets qua the matter on hand. A subordinate legislation as a thumb rule (though not absolute) is prospective. This is not even subordinate legislation. This is only a notification made under a Statute. Be that as it may, as rightly pointed out by the party-in-person, a careful perusal of Office Memorandum dated 27.06.2017 makes it clear that the activities adumbrated in Table.I thereat would not be included in the manufacture and production of goods or providing or entering of services in accordance with Section 7 of MSMED Act. To be noted, Section 7 of MSMED Act deals with classification of Enterprises and Section 8 would provide for the registration. There is nothing to demonstrate that notification for the Office Memorandum is retrospective and all registrants would stand effaced qua MSMED Act. This by itself drops the curtains on the matter. Be that as it may, a careful perusal of impugned award makes it clear that AT has observed therein that registration is not mandatory. This means that first of the issues on which AT addressed itself ought to have been answered in favour of Sunwin as a sequitur but that was not to be. Furthermore, AT in paragraph 2.3 has held as follows:
‘2.3. ……………. Therefore, the existence of dispute between the parties is proved and the same shall be adjudicated by the subject arbitration proceedings.’
Therefore, the dispute has to be adjudicated by arbitration proceedings. The answer to the registration issue and this finding run into each other. This therefore is a clear case of patent illegality within the meaning of Section 34(2A) and it would also be in conflict with public policy of India owing to being in conflict with fundamental policy of Indian Law which in legal parlance will be Clause (ii) of Explanation 1 under Section 34(2)(b)(ii) of A and C Act.
14. As the challenge to the impugned award by the protagonist of captioned Arb OP snugly fits into two pigeon holes namely Section 34(2)(b)(ii) read with Clause (ii) of Explanation 1 thereat and Section 34(2A) namely conflict with public policy and patent illegality respectively, the prayer in the captioned Arb OP i.e., the recast prayer as set out supra elsewhere in this order is answered in the affirmative. To put it differently, captioned Arb OP is allowed by reading the prayer as ‘to set aside the proceedings/impugned award dated 01.10.2020 bearing reference I.A.F.No.32 of 2019 made by a sole Arbitrator’. There shall be no order as to costs.ma
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