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Reimbursable expenditure and the fee payable for technical services under DTAA between India and USA- the reimbursable expenditure received by the assessee cannot form part of the total income. – since the development of infrastructure falls within the industrial policy of Government of India specific approval may not be required for claiming exemption u/s. 10(6A) of the Act. – what was reimbursed is the service tax paid by the assessee to the Government account. therefore, such an amount cannot form part of technical fee. In other words, it cannot be treated as trading receipt. In view of the above, in our opinion, the reimbursement of service tax cannot form part of the total income of the assessee. – fee received by the assessee towards technical services / consultancy would fall under Article 12 and not under Article 7. Therefore, tax has to be levied only at 15% and not at 20%. – there is no liability to pay the advance tax wherever the tax was deducted at source. Therefore, interest was not chargeable u/s. 234B of the Act.
the assessee-company had made various payments to its holding company M/s. Alstom Holdings, France but no deductions of tax at source were made. – there is justification for the assessee’s conviction at the time of payment that no tax was deductible at source. It was neither a composite payment.
Commission paid to agents for services rendered outside India is not chargeable to tax in India and there is no obligation to deduct tax u/s 195. As Agent was not a performer, his income was not covered under Article 18 of the DTAA but was covered by Article 7 and as the services were rendered outside India and there was no PE, the same was not assessable to tax in India.
Once the payment of ‘off-the shelf software’ held not to be chargeable to tax as a royalty on the basis of the certificate obtained from a chartered accountant, no penalty and interest can be levied on the grounds that the assessee did not take prior approval of the assessing officer under section 195(2) of the Act.
Mumbai Income-tax Appellate Tribunal in the case of M/s. Goldcrest Exports v. ITO held that compensation payable for breach of contract to a foreign company would not be taxable in the hands of the foreign company in the absence of a permanent establishment of the foreign company in India. The Tribunal further held that interest included in compensation merges with and partakes the character of compensation itself, and hence, would not be taxable under the tax treaty between India and UK . Therefore, deduction claimed by the assessee for compensation including interest cannot be disallowed on account of non-withholding of taxes therefrom.
No requirement to approach the Tax Officer for nil withholding certificate under section 195(2) where the non-resident is not liable to tax and further no disallowance can be made under section 40(a)(i) of the Income-tax Act, 1961 In a recent decision, the Chennai Bench of the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal in the case of VA Tech Wabag Ltd. v. ACIT [2010-TII-109-ITAT-MAD-INTL] held that in a case where the payment for services was not taxable in India under the provisions of a Double Tax Avoidance Agreement (“the tax treaty”), there was no requirement for applying to the tax officer for a nil withholding certificate under section 195(2) of the Income-tax Act, 1961 (“the Act”). It was also held that as section 195 of the Act was not applicable, the amount paid for services could not be disallowed under section 40(a)(i) of the Act.
When the assessee is prevented from deducting tax u/s 195, the question of his not performing the obligation under law does not arise and thus he cannot be held a defaulter. The assessee cannot be held to be an assessee in default in terms of section 201 and 201(1A) of the Act. This is a case of impossibility of performance and the assessee is released from the obligation and hence the assessee is not an assessee in default.
Recently, the Mumbai bench of the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal (the Tribunal) in the case of ACIT v. Monitor India Pvt. Ltd [2010-TII-138-ITAT-MUM-INTL] (Judgment date – 8 October 2010, Assessment Year 1999-2000).held that the taxpayer is under no obligation to approach the Assessing Officer and is entitled to remit monies abroad without deduction of tax at source if it is of the opinion that the remittance was wholly exempt from Indian taxes.
Central Bank of India v. DCIT- In view of non-discrimination clause under the India-USA tax treaty, the non-resident should be given same treatment as given to resident’s taxpayers. Accordingly, the payment made to USA entities cannot be disallowed on account of non deduction of tax at source.
Article 26(3) of the India-USA DTAA protects the interest of non residents vis-a-vis residents. Article 26(3) provides that payment made to a non-resident will be deductible under the same conditions as if the payment were made to a resident. The exceptions provided in Article 26(3) are not applicable on facts. As per s. 40(a)(i), no disallowance can be made in respect of payments to residents on the ground of non-deduction of tax at source. Therefore, in view of Article 26(3), no disallowance can be made even in case of payments to non-residents even if the amount is found taxable in India in their hands. Herbal Life International 101 ITD 450 (Del) followed.
