Disallowance under Section 14A of Income TAx Act, 1961
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The matter came up in appeal before ITAT in the assessee’s own case and other cases in ITAs No. 453,454,456/M/2010 & 458 & 455/M/2010. During the continuance of these appeals, Hon’ble Bombay High Court came up with the decision in Godrej & Boyce Manufacturing Co. Ltd. V/s DCIT, reported in 328 ITR 81 (Bom), wherein the Hon’ble Bombay High Court held that the operation of Rule 8D shall only be from 2008-09 onwards, and not being retrospective.
HC held that When no expenditure is incurred by the assessee in earning dividend income, notional expenditure cannot be disallowed u/s 14A. The assessee had not retained shares with the intention of earning dividend. The dividend income was incidental to the business of sale of shares, which remained unsold by the assessee. It cannot be said that the expenditure incurred in acquiring the shares had to be apportioned to the extent of dividend income and that should be a disallowance u/s 14A.
Section 14A were introduced with prospective effect from the assessment year 2007-08 onwards. However, sub-section (2) of Section 14A remained an empty shell until the introduction of Rule 8D on 24.03.2008 which gave content to the expression “such method as may be prescribed” appearing in Section 14A(2) of the said Act.
On the issue of disallowance u/s. 14A, this Bench of the Tribunal has been taking a consistent view that this disallowance should be restricted to 1% of dividend income. Following the same, in this appeal also we hold that the disallowance u/s 14A for earning exempt dividend income should be restricted to 1% of dividend income. The Assessing Officer is accordingly directed to do so and work out the quantum of disallowance. This ground of appeal of the assessee is allowed as directed above.
As per sub-section (1) of Section 14A, no deduction is to be allowed in respect of expenditure incurred by the assessee in relation to income which does not form part of total income. Sub-section (2) of Section 14A provides the procedure for determination of such expenditure by the Assessing Officer. The Board has also prescribed Rule 8D for determining the expenditure incurred by the assessee for earning of exempt income. Thus, the disallowance can be made under sub-section (1) for the expenditure incurred for earning of exempt income.
In the present case, the AO has also made addition of Rs. 19,58,253/- on account of alleged expenditure incurred to earn exempt income while computing book profit u/s 115JB of the Act. The AO’s action has been confirmed by the CIT(A). Both the authorities have applied Rule 8D of the Income-tax Rules while computing the amount of expenditure disallowable u/s 14A of the Act. As already held above, the provisions of Rule 8D are not applicable to the present assessment year under consideration. Therefore, disallowance of expenditure by applying Rule 8D is not justified.
The Ld. Counsel relied on the order of Co-ordinate Bench in the case of Nivi Trading Ltd. Vs DCIT in ITA No. 5455/M/2010 dt. 12.10.2011 to submit that assessee does not have any other expenditure except to maintain day today activity and the expenditure has no nexus with the earning of tax free income, therefore, disallowance u/s. 14A is not warranted.
Lld. counsel for the assessee, has submitted that there is no need to remit the matter to the Assessing Officer as the Assessing Officer had not made any disallowance under Section 14A, except in respect of interest expenditure. He further says that the contention now raised by the revenue does not emanate from the order of the Tribunal. We are not inclined to accept the said contention.
The taxpayer contended that the AO may invoke provisions of the Section 14A of the Act only after conducting necessary enquiries into the factual aspects. However, the Chennai Tribunal held that even in a case where the taxpayer claims that no expenditure was incurred in relation with the exempt income, the statute had provided for a presumptive expenditure which has to be disallowed by force of the statute. It means that even in a case where no expenditure is stated to have been incurred, the AO had to apply Rule 8D of the Rules. Therefore, the statutory presumption under Section 14A of the Act substitutes the requirement of factual evidence and the question of enquiry does not arise.
Kama Holding Ltd. Vs. ACIT (ITAT Delhi)- Rule 8D has been held to be retrospective in nature and the dis allowance has been worked out by applying Rule 8D. Hon’ble Bombay High Court in subsequent judgment in the case of Godrej & Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd. Vs. DCIT & Another (2010) 234 CTR (Bom) 1 has held Rule 8D to be prospective in nature. Thus, Rule 8D would not be applicable to the assessment year in question i.e. 2007-08. The Hon’ble High Court, however, has directed that indirect expenses which may be attributable on a reasonably proper basis can only be disallowed.
