CHAPTER IV
TIME AND VALUE OF SUPPLY
12. Time of supply of goods
(1) The liability to pay CGST / SGST on the goods shall arise at the time of supply as determined in terms of the provisions of this section.
(2) The time of supply of goods shall be the earlier of the following dates, namely,-
(a) the date of issue of invoice by the supplier or the last date on which he is required, under section 28, to issue the invoice with respect to the supply; or
(b) the date on which the supplier receives the payment with respect to the supply:
PROVIDED that where the supplier of taxable goods receives an amount up to one thousand rupees in excess of the amount indicated in the tax invoice, the time of supply to the extent of such excess shall, at the option of the said supplier, be the date of issue of invoice.
Explanation 1.- For the purposes of clauses (a) and (b), the supply shall be deemed to have been made to the extent it is covered by the invoice or, as the case may be, the payment.
Explanation 2.- For the purpose of clause (b), “the date on which the supplier receives the payment” shall be the date on which the payment is entered in his books of accounts or the date on which the payment is credited to his bank account, whichever is earlier.
(3) In case of supplies in respect of which tax is paid or liable to be paid on reverse charge basis, the time of supply shall be the earliest of the following dates, namely—
(a) the date of the receipt of goods, or
(b) the date on which the payment is made, or
(c) the date immediately following thirty days from the date of issue of invoice by the supplier:
PROVIDED that where it is not possible to determine the time of supply under clause (a), (b) or (c), the time of supply shall be the date of entry in the books of account of the recipient of supply.
Explanation.- For the purpose of clause (b), “t he date on which the payment is made” shall be the date on which the payment is entered in the books of accounts of the recipient or the date on which the payment is debited in his bank account, whichever is earlier.
(4) In case of supply of vouchers, by whatever name called, by a supplier, the time of supply shall be‑
(a) the date of issue of voucher, if the supply is identifiable at that point; or
(b) the date of redemption of voucher, in all other cases;
(5) In case it is not possible to determine the time of supply under the provisions of sub-section (2), (3) or (4) the time of supply shall
(a) in a case where a periodical return has to be filed, be the date on which such return is to be filed, or
(b) in any other case, be the date on which the CGST/SGST is paid.
13. Time of supply of services
(1) The liability to pay CGST/SGST on services shall arise at the time of supply, as determined in terms of the provisions of this section.
(2) The time of supply of services shall be the earlier of the following dates, namely: –
(a) the date of issue of invoice by the supplier or the last date on which he is required, under section 28, to issue the invoice with respect to the supply; or
(b) the date on which the supplier receives the payment with respect to the supply:
PROVIDED that where the supplier of taxable service receives an amount up to one thousand rupees in excess of the amount indicated in the tax invoice, the time of supply to the extent of such excess shall, at the option of the said supplier, be the date of issue of invoice.
Explanation 1.- For the purposes of clauses (a) and (b), the supply shall be deemed to have been made to the extent it is covered by the invoice or, as the case may be, the payment.
Explanation 2.- For the purpose of clause (b), “the date on which the supplier receives the payment” shall be the date on which the payment is entered in his books of accounts or the date on which the payment is credited to his bank account, whichever is earlier.
(3) In case of supplies in respect of which tax is paid or liable to be paid on reverse charge basis, the time of supply shall be the earlier of the following dates, namely‑
(a) the date on which the payment is made, or
(b) the date immediately following sixty days from the date of issue of invoice by the supplier:
PROVIDED that where it is not possible to determine the time of supply under clause (a) or (b), the time of supply shall be the date of entry in the books of account of the recipient of supply:
PROVIDED FURTHER that in case of ‘associated enterprises’, where the supplier of service is located outside India, the time of supply shall be the date of entry in the books of account of the recipient of supply or the date of payment, whichever is earlier.
Explanation.- For the purpose of clause (a), “the date on which the payment is made” shall be the date on which the payment is entered in the books of accounts of the recipient or the date on which the payment is debited in his bank account, whichever is earlier.
(4) In case of supply of vouchers, by whatever name called, by a supplier, the time of supply shall be‑
(a) the date of issue of voucher, if the supply is identifiable at that point; or
(b) the date of redemption of voucher, in all other cases;
(5) Where it is not possible to determine the time of supply of services in the manner specified in sub-sections (2), (3) or (4), the time of supply shall
(a) in a case where a periodical return has to be filed, be the date on which such return is to be filed; or
(b) in any other case, be the date on which the CGST/SGST is paid.
14. Change in rate of tax in respect of supply of goods or services
Notwithstanding anything contained in section 12 or section 13, the time of supply, in cases where there is a change in the rate of tax in respect of goods or services, shall be determined in the following manner, namely:-
(a) in case the goods or services have been supplied before the change in rate of tax Ð
(i) where the invoice for the same has been issued and the payment is also received after the change in rate of tax, the time of supply shall be the date of receipt of payment or the date of issue of invoice, whichever is earlier; or
(ii) where the invoice has been issued prior to change in rate of tax but the payment is received after the change in rate of tax, the time of supply shall be the date of issue of invoice; or
(iii) where the payment is received before the change in rate of tax, but the invoice for the same has been issued after the change in rate of tax, the time of supply shall be the date of receipt of payment;
(b) in case the goods or services have been supplied after the change in rate of tax –
(i) where the payment is received after the change in rate of tax but the invoice has been issued prior to the change in rate of tax, the time of supply shall be the date of receipt of payment; or
(ii) where the invoice has been issued and the payment is received before the change in rate of tax, the time of supply shall be the date of receipt of payment or date of issue of invoice, whichever is earlier; or
(iii) where the invoice has been issued after the change in rate of tax but the payment is received before the change in rate of tax, the time of supply shall be the date of issue of invoice:
PROVIDED that the date of receipt of payment shall be the date of credit in the bank account when such credit in the bank account is after four working days from the date of change in the rate of tax.
Explanation.- For the purpose of this section, “the date of receipt of payment” shall be the date on which the payment is entered in the books of accounts of the supplier or the date on which the payment is credited to his bank account, whichever is earlier:
15. Value of taxable supply
(1) The value of a supply of goods and/or services shall be the transaction value, that is the price actually paid or payable for the said supply of goods and/or services where the supplier and the recipient of the supply are not related and the price is the sole consideration for the supply.
(2) The value of supply shall include:
(a) any taxes, duties, cesses, fees and charges levied under any statute, other than the {SGST Act/the CGST Act} and the Goods and Services Tax (Compensation to the States for Loss of Revenue) Act, 2016, if charged separately by the supplier to the recipient;
(b) any amount that the supplier is liable to pay in relation to such supply but which has been incurred by the recipient of the supply and not included in the price actually paid or payable for the goods and/or services;
(c) incidental expenses, such as, commission and packing, charged by the supplier to the recipient of a supply, including any amount charged for anything done by the supplier in respect of the supply of goods and/or services at the time of, or before delivery of the goods or, as the case may be, supply of the services;
(d) interest or late fee or penalty for delayed payment of any consideration for any supply; and
(e) subsidies directly linked to the price excluding subsidies provided by the Central and State governments;
Explanation.- The amount of subsidy shall be included in the value of supply of the supplier who receives the subsidy.
(3) The value of the supply shall not include any discount that is given:
(a) before or at the time of the supply provided such discount has been duly recorded in the invoice issued in respect of such supply; and
(b) after the supply has been effected, provided that:
(i) such discount is established in terms of an agreement entered into at or before the time of such supply and specifically linked to relevant invoices; and
(ii) input tax credit has been reversed by the recipient of the supply as is attributable to the discount on the basis of document issued by the supplier.
(4) Where the value of the supply of goods or services cannot be determined under sub-section (1), the same shall be determined in such manner as may be
(5) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1) or sub -section (4), the value of such supplies as may be notified by the Central or a State Government in this behalf on the recommendation of the Council shall be determined in such manner as may be prescribed.
