GST On Non-Banking Finance Companies (NBFCs)

Some of the noticeable provisions on NBFCs under GST are as under:-

1. Services provided are taxable at 18% GST Rate (Earlier 15% Service Tax).

2. Need to obtain State wise Registration where they have branches (Earlier Centralised Registration).

3. Inter-State supplies of services between branches of same entity will also attract IGST

4. 37 returns for each state (61 returns, in case ISD and TDS provision are applicable).

5. Place of supply:

Place of supply of services where location of the supplier and the recipient is in India (As per section 12(12)of IGST Act 2017)

The place of supply of banking and other financial services, including stock broking services to any person shall be the location of the recipient of services on the records of the supplier of services:

Provided that if the location of recipient of services is not on the records of the supplier, the place of supply shall be the location of the supplier of services.

Place of supply of services where location of the supplier or location of the recipient is outside India (As per section 13(8)(a) of IGST Act 2017)

The place of supply of the following services shall be the location of the supplier of services, namely:––

(a) services supplied by a banking company, or a financial institution, or a non-banking financial company, to account holders

6. As per section 17 of CGST Act, there are 2 options available for Input Tax Credit 

• Avail every month an amount equal to 50% of eligible input tax credit on inputs, capital goods and input services in that month and the rest shall lapse, subject to Rule 3 of ITC (section 17(4) of CGST Act, read with Rule 3 of ITC)
• Take Input tax as is attributable to the taxable supply only (not for exempted supply) {Section 17(4) read with section 17(2) of CGST Act and rule 7 of ITC}

ITC Rules

Rule 3

Claim of credit by a banking company or a financial institution

A banking company or a financial institution, including a non-banking financial company, engaged in supply of services by way of accepting deposits or extending loans or advances that chooses not to comply with the provisions of sub-section (2) of section 17, in accordance with the option permitted under sub-section (4) of that section, shall follow the procedure specified below –

(a) the said company or institution shall not avail the credit of,-

(i) tax paid on inputs and input services that are used for non-business purposes, and

(ii) the credit attributable to supplies specified in sub-section (5) of section 17, in FORM GSTR-2;

(b) the said company or institution shall avail the credit of tax paid on inputs and input services referred to in the second proviso to sub-section (4) of section 17 and not covered under clause (a);

(c) fifty per cent. of the remaining amount of input tax shall be the input tax credit admissible to the company or the institution and shall be furnished in FORM GSTR-2;

(d) the amount referred to in clauses (b) and (c) shall, subject to the provisions of sections 41, 42 and 43, be credited to the electronic credit ledger of the said company or the institution.

Rule 7

Manner of determination of input tax credit in respect of inputs or input services and reversal thereof

(1) The input tax credit in respect of inputs or input services, which attract the provisions of sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) of section 17, being partly used for the purposes of business and partly for other purposes, or partly used for effecting taxable supplies including zero rated supplies and partly for effecting exempt supplies, shall be attributed to the purposes of business or for effecting taxable supplies in the following manner, namely,-

(a) total input tax involved on inputs and input services in a tax period, be denoted as ‘T’;

(b) the amount of input tax, out of ‘T’, attributable to inputs and input services intended to be used exclusively for purposes other than business, be denoted as ‘T1’;

(c) the amount of input tax, out of ‘T’, attributable to inputs and input services intended to be used exclusively for effecting exempt supplies, be denoted as ‘T2’;

(d) the amount of input tax, out of ‘T’, in respect of inputs and input services on which credit is not available under sub-section (5) of section 17, be denoted as ‘T3’;

(e) the amount of input tax credit credited to the electronic credit ledger of registered person, be denoted as ‘C1’ and calculated as:

C1 = T- (T1+T2+T3);

(f) the amount of input tax credit attributable to inputs and input services intended to be used exclusively for effecting supplies other than exempted but including zero rated supplies, be denoted as ‘T4’;

(g) ‘T1’, ‘T2’, ‘T3’ and ‘T4’ shall be determined and declared by the registered person at the invoice level in FORM GSTR-2;

(h) input tax credit left after attribution of input tax credit under clause (g) shall be called common credit, be denoted as ‘C2’ and calculated as:

C2 = C1- T4;

(i) the amount of input tax credit attributable towards exempt supplies, be denoted as ‘D1’ and calculated as:

D1= (E÷F) × C2

where,

‘E’ is the aggregate value of exempt supplies during the tax period, and

‘F’ is the total turnover in the State of the registered person during the tax period:

Provided that where the registered person does not have any turnover during the said tax period or the aforesaid information is not available, the value of ‘E/F’ shall calculated by taking values of ‘E’ and ‘F’ of the last tax period for which details of such turnover are available, previous to the month during which the said value of ‘E/F’ is to calculated;

Explanation: For the purposes of this clause, the aggregate value of exempt supplies and total turnover shall exclude the amount of any duty or tax levied under entry 84 of List I of the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution and entry 51 and 54 of List II of the said Schedule.

(j) the amount of credit attributable to non-business purposes if common inputs and input services are used partly for business and partly for non-business purposes, be denoted as ‘D2’, and shall be equal to five per cent. of C2; and

(k) the remainder of the common credit shall be the eligible input tax credit attributed to the purposes of business and for effecting supplies other than exempted supplies but including zero rated supplies and shall be denoted as ‘C3’, where,-

C3 = C2 – (D1+D2);

(l) the amount ‘C3’ shall be computed separately for input tax credit of central tax, State tax, Union territory tax and integrated tax;

(m) the amount equal to aggregate of ‘D1’ and ‘D2’ shall be added to the output tax liability of the registered person:

Provided that where the amount of input tax relating to inputs or input services used partly for purposes other than business and partly for effecting exempt supplies has been identified and segregated at invoice level by the registered person, the same shall be included in ‘T1’ and ‘T2’ respectively, and the remaining amount of credit on such inputs or input services shall be included in ‘T4’.

(2) The input tax credit determined under sub-rule (1) shall be calculated finally for the financial year before the due date for furnishing of the return for the month of September following the end of the financial year to which such credit relates, in the manner prescribed in the said sub-rule and,

(a) where the aggregate of the amounts calculated finally in respect of ‘D1’ and ‘D2’ exceeds the aggregate of the amounts determined under sub-rule (1) in respect of ‘D1’ and ‘D2’, such excess shall be added to the output tax liability of the registered person in the month not later than the month of September following the end of the financial year to which such credit relates and the said person shall be liable to pay interest on the said excess amount at the rate specified in sub-section (1) of section 50 for the period starting from first day of April of the succeeding financial year till the date of payment; or

(b) where the aggregate of the amounts determined under sub-rule (1) in respect of ‘D1’ and ‘D2’ exceeds the aggregate of the amounts calculated finally in respect of ‘D1’ and ‘D2’, such excess amount shall be claimed as credit by the registered person in his return for a month not later than the month of September following the end of the financial year to which such credit relates.

Section 17(2) of CGST Act 2017

Where the goods or services or both are used by the registered person partly for effecting taxable supplies including zero-rated supplies under this Act or under the Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act and partly for effecting exempt supplies under the said Acts, the amount of credit shall be restricted to so much of the input tax as is attributable to the said taxable supplies including zero-rated supplies.

Section 17(4) of CGST Act 2017

A banking company or a financial institution including a non-banking financial company, engaged in supplying services by way of accepting deposits, extending loans or advances shall have the option to either comply with the provisions of sub-section (2), or avail of, every month, an amount equal to fifty per cent. of the eligible input tax credit on inputs, capital goods and input services in that month and the rest shall lapse:

Provided that the option once exercised shall not be withdrawn during the remaining part of the financial year:

Provided further that the restriction of fifty per cent. shall not apply to the tax paid on supplies made by one registered person to another registered person having the same Permanent Account Number.

(CA Akshay Kumar Jain, Contact: +91-99-5005-4004, Email: [email protected])

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