Disallowance under Section 14A of Income TAx Act, 1961
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Assessing Officer has disallowed the interest of Rs. 72,83,21,913/- on the ground of borrowed funds were used by the assessee for making investment in shares. The contention of the assessee is that in the earlier Assessment Year 2006-07 where no dividend income was received by the assessee, the Tribunal has held that no disallowance of expenditure can be made u/s. 14A of the Act and therefore, the disallowance made in the year under appeal may also be deleted as in this year also the assessee has not received any dividend income on the shares,
The provisions of rule 8D of the Income-tax Rules which have been notified with effect from March 24, 2008, shall apply with effect from the assessment year 2008-09; Even prior to the assessment year 2008-09, when rule 8D was not applicable, the Assessing Officer has to enforce the provisions of sub-section (1) of Section 14A. For that purpose, the Assessing Officer is duty bound to determine the expenditure which has been incurred in relation to income which does not form part of the total income under the Act.
Provisions of rule 8D of the Rules which have been notified with effect from March 24, 2008, would apply with effect from assessment year 2008-09. Even prior to assessment year 2008-09, when rule 8D was not applicable, the AO had to enforce the provisions of sub-section (1) of section 14A. For that purpose, the AO is duty bound to determine the expenditure which has been incurred in relation to income which does not form part of the total income under the Act.
The matter came up in appeal before ITAT in the assessee’s own case and other cases in ITAs No. 453,454,456/M/2010 & 458 & 455/M/2010. During the continuance of these appeals, Hon’ble Bombay High Court came up with the decision in Godrej & Boyce Manufacturing Co. Ltd. V/s DCIT, reported in 328 ITR 81 (Bom), wherein the Hon’ble Bombay High Court held that the operation of Rule 8D shall only be from 2008-09 onwards, and not being retrospective.
HC held that When no expenditure is incurred by the assessee in earning dividend income, notional expenditure cannot be disallowed u/s 14A. The assessee had not retained shares with the intention of earning dividend. The dividend income was incidental to the business of sale of shares, which remained unsold by the assessee. It cannot be said that the expenditure incurred in acquiring the shares had to be apportioned to the extent of dividend income and that should be a disallowance u/s 14A.
Section 14A were introduced with prospective effect from the assessment year 2007-08 onwards. However, sub-section (2) of Section 14A remained an empty shell until the introduction of Rule 8D on 24.03.2008 which gave content to the expression “such method as may be prescribed” appearing in Section 14A(2) of the said Act.
On the issue of disallowance u/s. 14A, this Bench of the Tribunal has been taking a consistent view that this disallowance should be restricted to 1% of dividend income. Following the same, in this appeal also we hold that the disallowance u/s 14A for earning exempt dividend income should be restricted to 1% of dividend income. The Assessing Officer is accordingly directed to do so and work out the quantum of disallowance. This ground of appeal of the assessee is allowed as directed above.
As per sub-section (1) of Section 14A, no deduction is to be allowed in respect of expenditure incurred by the assessee in relation to income which does not form part of total income. Sub-section (2) of Section 14A provides the procedure for determination of such expenditure by the Assessing Officer. The Board has also prescribed Rule 8D for determining the expenditure incurred by the assessee for earning of exempt income. Thus, the disallowance can be made under sub-section (1) for the expenditure incurred for earning of exempt income.
In the present case, the AO has also made addition of Rs. 19,58,253/- on account of alleged expenditure incurred to earn exempt income while computing book profit u/s 115JB of the Act. The AO’s action has been confirmed by the CIT(A). Both the authorities have applied Rule 8D of the Income-tax Rules while computing the amount of expenditure disallowable u/s 14A of the Act. As already held above, the provisions of Rule 8D are not applicable to the present assessment year under consideration. Therefore, disallowance of expenditure by applying Rule 8D is not justified.
The Ld. Counsel relied on the order of Co-ordinate Bench in the case of Nivi Trading Ltd. Vs DCIT in ITA No. 5455/M/2010 dt. 12.10.2011 to submit that assessee does not have any other expenditure except to maintain day today activity and the expenditure has no nexus with the earning of tax free income, therefore, disallowance u/s. 14A is not warranted.
