Simplified GST Series- Returns/Section 37-40/CGST ACT 2017- Article discusses Section 37- Furnishing details of outward supplies, Section 38-Furnishing details of inward supplies, Section 39- Furnishing of GST returns and Section 40-First GST Return of /CGST ACT 2017-.
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Section 37- Furnishing details of outward supplies
(1) Every registered taxable person, other than an input service distributor, a non-resident taxable person and a person paying tax under the provisions of section 10, section 51 or section 52, shall furnish, electronically, in such form and manner as may be prescribed, the details of outward supplies of goods or services or both effected, during a tax period on or before the tenth day of the month succeeding the said tax period and such details shall be communicated to the recipient of the said supplies within the time and in the manner as may be prescribed:
Provided that the registered person shall not be allowed to furnish the details of outward supplies during the period from the eleventh day to the fifteenth day of the month succeeding the tax period:
Provided further that the Commissioner may, for reasons to be recorded in writing, by notification, extend the time limit for furnishing such details for such class of taxable persons as may be specified therein:
Provided also that any extension of time limit notified by the Commissioner of State tax or Commissioner of Union territory tax shall be deemed to be notified by the Commissioner
Analysis- A return of Outward supplies in terms of this section should be furnished by every registered taxable person except for the following persons namely,
— Input service distributor
— A non-resident taxable person
— A person paying tax under the provisions of section 10 (composition levy)
— A person paying tax under the provisions of section 51 (TDS)
— A person remitting tax collected under the provisions of section 52 (TCS)
— A person referred to in Section 14 of IGST Act – Person providing Online Information and Data Access & Retrieval Services to a non-taxable online recipient
- The Commissioner is empowered to notify any extension of due date of filing, for any class of persons, beyond the tenth of the succeeding month, with reasons to be recorded in writing.
- “Details of outward supplies” shall include details of Invoices, debit notes, credit notes and revised invoices issued in relation to outward supplies made during any tax period. This e-return shall be filed within 11 days from the end of the tax period in FORM GSTR-1. in case of taxpayer having turnover more than Rs 1.5 Crore and less than 1.5 crore quarterly GSTR-1 within one month of end of quarter. Presently these due dates are extended due to COVID-19.
(2) Every registered person who has been communicated the details under sub-section (3) of section 38 or the details pertaining to inward supplies of Input Service Distributor under sub-section (4) of section 38, shall either accept or reject the details so communicated, on or before the seventeenth day, but not before the fifteenth day, of the month succeeding the tax period and the details furnished by him under sub-section (1) shall stand amended accordingly.
(3) Any registered person, who has furnished the details under sub-section (1) for any tax period and which have remained unmatched under section 42 or section 43, shall, upon discovery of any error or omission therein, rectify such error or omission in such manner as may be prescribed, and shall pay the tax and interest, if any, in case there is a short payment of tax on account of such error or omission, in the return to be furnished for such tax period:
Provided that no rectification of error or omission in respect of the details furnished under sub-section (1) shall be allowed after furnishing of the return under section 39 for the month of September following the end of the financial year to which such details pertain, or furnishing of the relevant annual return, whichever is earlier
Analysis- The details provided by the supplier in GSTR-1 shall be auto-populated and made available electronically to the recipient, for matching purposes, in accordance with the provision of Rule 60 in a FORM GSTR-2A (to be substituted with ANX-2), which can be used for reconciliation and filing of GSTR-9 i.e Annual return.
- Opportunity to accept, reject, amend or delete by recipient is not available at present as filling of GSTR-2 has been deferred.
- If any error or omission is discovered in the course of matching as specified in the Act under Section 42 and 43, rectifications of the same shall be effected; and tax and interest, if any, as applicable shall be paid on such corrections by the person responsible for filing the return of outward supplies. Section 42 and section 43 are currently not applicable.
- Such rectification of error or omission, however, is not permitted after filing of annual return or the return for the month of September of the following financial year to which the details pertain to, whichever is earlier. For F.Y 2017-18, any error or omission can be rectified till due date for furnishing the return for month of March 2019.
Section 38-Furnishing details of inward supplies
(1) Every registered person, other than an Input Service Distributor or a non-resident taxable person or a person paying tax under the provisions of section 10, section 51 or section 52, shall verify, validate, modify or delete, if required, the details relating to outward supplies and credit or debit notes communicated under sub-section (1) of section 37 to prepare the details of his inward supplies and credit or debit notes and may include therein, the details of inward supplies and credit or debit notes received by him in respect of such supplies that have not been declared by the supplier under sub-section (1) of section 37.
(2) Every registered person, other than an Input Service Distributor or a non-resident taxable person or a person paying tax under the provisions of section 10 or section 51 or section 52, shall furnish, electronically, the details of inward supplies of taxable goods or services or both, including inward supplies of goods or services or both on which the tax is payable on reverse charge basis under this Act and inward supplies of goods or services or both taxable under the Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act or on which integrated goods and services tax is payable under section 3 of the Customs Tariff Act, 1975, and credit or debit notes received in respect of such supplies during a tax period after the tenth day but on or before the fifteenth day of the month succeeding the tax period in such FORM and manner as may be prescribed:
Provided that the Commissioner may, for reasons to be recorded in writing, by notification, extend the time limit for furnishing such details for such class of taxable persons as may be specified therein.
(3) The details of supplies modified, deleted or included by the recipient and furnished under sub-section (2) shall be communicated to the supplier concerned in such manner and within such time as may be prescribed.
(4) The details of supplies modified, deleted or included by the recipient in the return furnished under sub-section (2) or sub-section (4) of section 39 shall be communicated to the supplier concerned in such manner and within such time as may be prescribed.
(5) Any registered person, who has furnished the details under sub-section (2) for any tax period and which have remained unmatched under section 42 or section 43, shall, upon discovery of any error or omission therein, rectify such error or omission in the tax period during which such error or omission is noticed in such manner as may be prescribed, and shall pay the tax and interest, if any, in case there is a short payment of tax on account of such error or omission, in the return to be furnished for such tax period:
(6) Provided that no rectification of error or omission in respect of the details furnished under sub-section (2) shall be allowed after furnishing of the return under section 39 for the month of September following the end of the financial year to which such details pertain, or furnishing of the relevant annual return, whichever is earlier.
Analysis- 1. Recipient of supply is required to match his inward supply details with that of the details uploaded by the supplier by way of furnishing Form GSTR 1.
2. The details uploaded by the supplier will be made available to the recipient in Part ‘A’ of Form GSTR 2A (the details of input tax credit distributed by input service distributor will be made available in Part ‘B’ of said Form i.e., Form GSTR 2A).
3. In case, any error or omission is discovered in the course of matching as specified in the Act under Section 42 and 43, rectifications of the same shall be effected and tax and interest, if any as applicable shall be paid on such corrections by the person responsible for filing the return of inward supplies.
4. Such rectification of error or omission, however, is not permitted after filing of annual return or before the due date for filing the return for the month of September of the following financial year to which the details pertain, whichever is earlier.
Section 39- Furnishing of returns-
(1) Every registered person, other than an Input Service Distributor or a non-resident taxable person or a person paying tax under the provisions of section 10 or section 51 or section 52 shall, for every calendar month or part thereof, furnish, in such form, manner and within such time as may be prescribed, a return, electronically, of inward and outward supplies of goods or services or both, input tax credit availed, tax payable, tax paid and such other particulars, in such form and manner, and within such time, as may be prescribed:
Provided that the Government may, on the recommendations of the Council, notify certain class of registered persons who shall furnish a return for every quarter or part thereof, subject to such conditions and restrictions as may be specified therein.
(2) A registered person paying tax under the provisions of section 10, shall, for each financial year or part thereof, furnish a return, electronically, of turnover in the State or Union territory, inward supplies of goods or services or both, tax payable, tax paid and such other particulars in such form and manner, and within such time, as may be prescribed.’’
Analysis – This section deals with filing of GST RETURNS by persons registered under different provisions of this Act and rules made thereto-
Section 39 (1) – Regular Tax payers other than those covered under sub –section 2,3,4,5 of Section 39
- -Form GSTR-3 B to be filed monthly
- Due date of filing return – on or before 20th day of subsequent month
- Due date for payment of tax – on or before due date of filling of return.
- Rule 61
Section 39(2)- Composition dealers
- Challan-cum-statement in form CMP-08- Due date- 18th of the month succeeding the quarter of an F.Y. (Financial Year)
- GSTR-4 annual return- Due dates – Within one month of end of financial year.
- Rule 62
(3) Every registered person required to deduct tax at source under the provisions of section 51 shall furnish, in such form and manner as may be prescribed, a return, electronically, for the month in which such deductions have been made within ten days after the end of such month.
(4) Every taxable person registered as an Input Service Distributor shall, for every calendar month or part thereof, furnish, in such form and in such manner as may be prescribed, a return, electronically, within thirteen days after the end of such month
(5) Every registered non-resident taxable person shall, for every calendar month or part thereof, furnish, in such form and manner as may be prescribed, a return, electronically, within twenty days after the end of a calendar month or within seven days after the last day of the period of registration specified under sub-section (1) of section 27, whichever is earlier.
(6) The Commissioner may, for reasons to be recorded in writing, by notification, extend the time limit for furnishing the returns under this section for such class of registered persons as may be specified therein.
Provided that any extension of time limit notified by the Commissioner of State tax or Union territory tax shall be deemed to be notified by the Commissioner
Analysis- Section 39(3) — Any Registered person who is liable to deduct tax at source under section 51
Form GSTR-7
- Due date of filling return- On or before 10th day of the subsequent month
- Rule -66
- Due date of payment of tax- On or before the due date of filing of return
Section 39(4) – Input Service Distributor (for distributing credits) –
- Form GSTR-6
- Due date of filling return- On or before 13th day of the succeeding month
- Rule 65
Section 39 (5)- Non-Resident Taxable person
- Form GSTR-5
- Due date of filling return- Within 20 days from the end of the calendar month or within 7 days after the last day of the period of registration, whichever is earlier
- Rule 63
- Due date of payment of tax- On or before the due date of filing of return.
- Form GSTR-5A- Supplier located outside taxable territory – making supply of online information and data base access or retrieval services from a place outside India to non-taxable online recipient
- Due date of filling return- on or before 20th day of succeeding month.
- Rule 64
- Due date of payment of tax- On or before the due date of filing of return
- The Commissioner is empowered by sub-section (6) of section 36, for extending the due dates for furnishing the returns and basis this commissioner Central Tax / State Tax has issued Notification(s) extending due date(s) originally prescribed for filing of statement(s) / return(s) as the case may be
Presently due dates for GSTR- 5 ,6 & 7 extended.
(7) Every registered person, who is required to furnish a return under sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) or sub-section (3) or sub-section (5), shall pay to the Government the tax due as per such return not later than the last date on which he is required to furnish such return
Provided that every registered person furnishing return under the proviso to sub-section (1) shall pay to the Government, the tax due taking into account inward and outward supplies of goods or services or both, input tax credit availed, tax payable and such other particulars during a month, in such form and manner, and within such time, as may be prescribed:
Provided further that every registered person furnishing return under sub-section (2) shall pay to the Government, the tax due taking into account turnover in the State or Union territory, inward supplies of goods or services or both, tax payable, and such other particulars during a quarter, in such form and manner, and within such time, as may be prescribed.”
(8) Every registered person who is required to furnish a return under sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) shall furnish a return for every tax period whether or not any supplies of goods or services or both have been made during such tax period
(9) Subject to the provisions of sections 37 and 38, if any registered person after furnishing a return under sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) or sub-section (3) or sub-section (4) or sub-section (5) discovers any omission or incorrect particulars therein, other than as a result of scrutiny, audit, inspection or enforcement activity by the tax authorities, he shall rectify such omission or incorrect particulars in such form and manner as may be prescribed, subject to payment of interest under this Act.
Provided that no such rectification of any omission or incorrect particulars shall be allowed after the due date for furnishing of return for the month of September or second quarter following the end of the financial year to which such details pertain”, or the actual date of furnishing of relevant annual return, whichever is earlier.
(10) A registered person shall not be allowed to furnish a return for a tax period if the return for any of the previous tax periods has not been furnished by him.
Analysis- 1. Every registered person under subsection (1),(2) ,(3) & (5) is required to pay tax due on outward supplies and inward supplies liable to reverse charge on or before due date of filling return after taking into account input credit availed as case may be.
2. Every registered person covered under section 39(1) & 39(2) shall furnish a return for every tax period whether or not any supplies of goods and/or services have been effected during such tax period. It means you are liable to file nil return also.
3. Every registered person (including ISD, person liable to deduct tax at source) who has furnished or is required to file a return in terms of this section, can on identification of any error or omission rectify the same in the tax period in which such error or omission is noticed by him.
4. Rectification, resulting in additional output tax or reduction in input tax credit shall be paid / reversed and the same would be subject to interest as prescribed in section 50 of this Act .
5. Such rectification of error or omission will not be allowed, when omission or incorrect particulars are discovered as a result of scrutiny, audit, inspection or enforcement activity by the tax authorities.
6. Further, no rectification of any error or omission will be allowed after the due date for filing of return for the month of September or second quarter of the succeeding financial year, or the actual date of filing of relevant annual return, whichever is earlier
7. A registered person will not be allowed to furnish a return for any tax period, unless returns for all previous tax periods has been furnished by him.
Section 40-First GST Return
Every registered person who has made outward supplies in the period between the date on which he became liable to registration till the date on which registration has been granted shall declare the same in the first return furnished by him after grant of registration.
Analysis- First Return – On grant of registration, a taxable person is required to file his first return. This section specifies the period for which this first return needs to be furnished. It is important to note that that there is no separate form / return prescribed for first return and will have to furnish first return in regular forms such as GSTR 3B as the case may be.
- As per the provisions of Sec 18(1), Person making an application for new registration shall be entitled to claim credit of input tax held in inputs as such, inputs contained in semi-finished goods or finished goods held in stock by such person on the day immediately preceding the date from which such person is liable to obtain registration i
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Very well explained ma’am.