CA Sandeep Kanoi
In this Article we have compiled depreciation rates Under Companies Act 2013 under Written Down Value (WDV) Method and as per Straight Lime method (SLM). We have also compiled Changes to Schedule II- Useful Lives to Compute Depreciation read with section 123 of Companies Act,2013 made vide Notification No.G.S.R. 237(E) Dated 31.03.2014 and Notification No.G.S.R. 237 (E). Dated 29th August, 2014.
Schedule II- USEFUL LIVES TO COMPUTE DEPRECIATION
PART ‘A’
1. Depreciation is the systematic allocation of the depreciable amount of an asset over its useful life. The depreciable amount of an asset is the cost of an asset or other amount substituted for cost, less its residual value. The useful life of an asset is the period over which an asset is expected to be available for use by an entity, or the number of production or similar units expected to be obtained from the asset by the entity.
2. For the purpose of this Schedule, the term depreciation includes amortisation.
3. Without prejudice to the foregoing provisions of paragraph 1,—
(i) The useful life of an asset shall not ordinarily be different from the useful life specified in Part C and the residual value of an asset shall not be more than five per cent. of the original cost of the asset:
Provided that where a company adopts a useful life different from what is specified in Part C or uses a residual value different from the limit specified above, the financial statements shall disclose such difference and provide justification in this behalf duly supported by technical advice.-
(ii) For intangible assets, the provisions of the accounting standards applicable forthe time being in force shall apply, except in case of intangible assets (Toll Roads)created under ‘Build, Operate and Transfer’, ‘Build, Own, Operate and Transfer’or any other form of public private partnership route in case of road projects. Amortisation in such cases may be done as follows:-
(a) Mode of amortisation
| Amortisation Amount | ||
| Amortisation Rate = | _______________________ | x 100 |
| Cost of Intangible Assets (A) |
Amortisation Amount =
| Actual Revenue for the year (B) | |
| Cost of Intangible Assets (A) x | _________________________________ |
| Projected Revenue from Intangible Asset (till the end of the concession period) (C) |
(b) Meaning of particulars are as follows :-
| Cost of Intangible Assets (A) | = | Cost incurred by the company in accordance with the accounting standards. |
| Actual Revenue for the year (B) | = | Actual revenue (Toll Charges) received during the accounting year. |
| Projected Revenue from Intangible Asset (C) | = | Total projected revenue from the Intangible Assets as provided to the project lender at the time of financial closure / agreement. |
The amortisation amount or rate should ensure that the whole of the cost of the intangible asset is amortised over the concession period.
Revenue shall be reviewed at the end of each financial year and projected revenue shall be adjusted to reflect such changes, if any, in the estimates as will lead to the actual collection at the end of the concession period.
| (c) | Example:- | ||
| Cost of creation of Intangible Assets | : | Rs. 500/- Crores | |
| Total period of Agreement | : | 20 Years | |
| Time used for creation of Intangible Assets | : | 2 Years | |
| Intangible Assets to be amortised in | : | 18 Years | |
| Assuming that the Total revenue to be generated out of Intangible Assets over the period would be Rs. 600 Crores, in the following manner:- | |||
| Year No. | Revenue ( In Rs. Crores) | Remarks |
| Year 1 | 5 | Actual |
| Year 2 | 7.5 | Estimate * |
| Year 3 | 10 | Estimate * |
| Year 4 | 12.5 | Estimate * |
| Year 5 | 17.5 | Estimate * |
| Year 6 | 20 | Estimate * |
| Year 7 | 23 | Estimate * |
| Year 8 | 27 | Estimate * |
| Year 9 | 31 | Estimate * |
| Year 10 | 34 | Estimate * |
| Year 11 | 38 | Estimate * |
| Year 12 | 41 | Estimate * |
| Year 13 | 46 | Estimate * |
| Year 14 | 50 | Estimate * |
| Year 15 | 53 | Estimate * |
| Year 16 | 57 | Estimate * |
| Year 17 | 60 | Estimate * |
| Year 18 | 67.5 | Estimate * |
| Total | 600 |
‘*’ will be actual at the end of financial year.
Based on this the charge for first year would be Rs. 4.16 Crore (approximately) (i.e. Rs. 5/Rs. 600 x Rs. 500 Crores) which would be charged to profit and loss and 0.83% (i.e. Rs. 4.16 Crore/ Rs 500 Crore x 100) is the amortisation rate for the first year.
Where a company arrives at the amortisation amount in respect of the said Intangible Assets in accordance with any method as per the applicable Accounting Standards, it shall disclose the same.
PART ‘B’
4. The useful life or residual value of any specific asset, as notified for accounting purposes by a Regulatory Authority constituted under an Act of Parliament or by the Central Government shall be applied in calculating the depreciation to be provided for such asset irrespective of the requirements of this Schedule.
PART ‘C’
5. Subject to Parts A and B above, the following are the useful lives of various tangible assets:
Depreciation Rate Chart as per Schedule II of The Companies Act 2013
| Nature of Assets | Useful Life | Depreciation Rate |
|||||
| SLM | WDV | ||||||
| I | Buildings [NESD] | ||||||
| (a) | Building (other than factory buildings) RCC Frame Structure | 60Years | 1.58% | 4.87% | |||
| (b) | Building (other than factory buildings) other than RCC Frame Structure | 30Years | 3.17% | 9.50% | |||
| (c) | Factory buildings | 30Years | 3.17% | 9.50% | |||
| (d) | Fences, wells, tube wells | 5Years | 19.00% | 45.07% | |||
| (e) | Other (including temporary structure, etc.) | 3Years | 31.67% | 63.16% | |||
| II | Bridges, culverts, bunkers, etc. [NESD] | 30Years | 3.17% | 9.50% | |||
| III | Roads [NESD] | ||||||
| (a) | Carpeted Roads | ||||||
| (i) | Carpeted Roads – RCC | 10 | Years | 9.50% | 25.89% | ||
| (ii) | Carpeted Roads – other than RCC | 5 | Years | 19.00% | 45.07% | ||
| (b) | Non-carpeted roads | 3 | Years | 31.67% | 63.16% | ||
| IV | Plant and Machinery | ||||||
| (i) | General rate applicable to Plant and Machinery not covered under Special Plant and Machinery | ||||||
| (a) | Plant and Machinery other than continuous process plant not covered under specific industries [NESD] | 15 Years | 6.33% | 18.10% | |||
| (b) |
continuous process plant for which no special rate has been prescribed under (ii) below [NESD]
|
8 Years | 11.88% | 31.23% | |||
| (ii) | Special Plant and Machinery | ||||||
| (a) | Plant and Machinery related to production and exhibition of Motion Picture Films | ||||||
| 1. Cinematograph films—Machinery used in the production and exhibition of cinematograph films, recording and reproducing equipments, developing machines, printing machines, editing machines, synchronizers and studio lights except bulbs | 13 Years | 7.31% | 20.58% | ||||
| 2. Projecting equipment for exhibition of films | 13 Years | 7.31% | 20.58% | ||||
| (b) | Plant and Machinery used in glass manufacturing | ||||||
| 1. Plant and Machinery except direct fire glass melting furnaces —Recuperative and regenerative glass melting furnaces | 13 Years | 7.31% | 20.58% | ||||
| 2. Plant and Machinery except direct fire glass melting furnaces —Moulds [NESD] | 8 Years | 11.88% | 31.23% | ||||
| 3. Float Glass Melting Furnaces [NESD] | 10 Years | 9.50% | 25.89% | ||||
| (c) | Plant and Machinery used in mines and quarries—Portable underground machinery and earth moving machinery used in open cast mining [NESD] | 8 Years | 11.88% | 31.23% | |||
| (d) | Plant and Machinery used in Telecommunications [NESD] | ||||||
| 1. Towers | 18 Years | 5.28% | 15.33% | ||||
| 2. Telecom transceivers, switching centres, transmission and other network equipment | 13 Years | 7.31% | 20.58% | ||||
| 3. Telecom – Ducts, Cables and optical fibre | 18 Years | 5.28% | 15.33% | ||||
| 4. Satellites | 18 Years | 5.28% | 15.33% | ||||
| (e) | Plant and Machinery used in exploration, production and refining oil and gas [NESD] | ||||||
| 1. Refineries | 25 Years | 3.80% | 11.29% | ||||
| 2. Oil and gas assets (including wells), processing plant and facilities | 25 Years | 3.80% | 11.29% | ||||
| 3. Petrochemical Plant | 25 Years | 3.80% | 11.29% | ||||
| 4. Storage tanks and related equipment | 25 Years | 3.80% | 11.29% | ||||
| 5. Pipelines | 30 Years | 3.17% | 9.50% | ||||
| 6. Drilling Rig | 30 Years | 3.17% | 9.50% | ||||
| 7. Field operations (above ground) Portable boilers, drilling tools, well-head tanks, etc. | 8 Years | 11.88% | 31.23% | ||||
| 8. Loggers | 8 Years | 11.88% | 31.23% | ||||
| (f ) | Plant and Machinery used in generation, transmission and distribution of power [NESD] | ||||||
| 1. Thermal/ Gas/ Combined Cycle Power Generation Plant | 40 Years | 2.38% | 7.22% | ||||
| 2. Hydro Power Generation Plant | 40 Years | 2.38% | 7.22% | ||||
| 3. Nuclear Power Generation Plant | 40 Years | 2.38% | 7.22% | ||||
| 4. Transmission lines, cables and other network assets | 40 Years | 2.38% | 7.22% | ||||
| 5. Wind Power Generation Plant | 22 Years | 4.32% | 12.73% | ||||
| 6. Electric Distribution Plant | 35 Years | 2.71% | 8.20% | ||||
| 7. Gas Storage and Distribution Plant | 30 Years | 3.17% | 9.50% | ||||
| 8. Water Distribution Plant including pipelines | 30 Years | 3.17% | 9.50% | ||||
| (g) | Plant and Machinery used in manufacture of steel | ||||||
| 1. Sinter Plant | 20 Years | 4.75% | 13.91% | ||||
| 2. Blast Furnace | 20 Years | 4.75% | 13.91% | ||||
| 3. Coke Ovens | 20 Years | 4.75% | 13.91% | ||||
| 4. Rolling mill in steel plant | 20 Years | 4.75% | 13.91% | ||||
| 5. Basic oxygen Furnace Converter | 25 Years | 3.80% | 11.29% | ||||
| (h) | Plant and Machinery used in manufacture of non-ferrous metals | ||||||
| 1. Metal pot line [NESD] | 40 Years | 2.38% | 7.22% | ||||
| 2. Bauxite crushing and grinding section [NESD] | 40 Years | 2.38% | 7.22% | ||||
| 3. Digester Section [NESD] | 40 Years | 2.38% | 7.22% | ||||
| 4. Turbine [NESD] | 40 Years | 2.38% | 7.22% | ||||
| 5. Equipments for Calcination [NESD] | 40 Years | 2.38% | 7.22% | ||||
| 6. Copper Smelter [NESD] | 40 Years | 2.38% | 7.22% | ||||
| 7. Roll Grinder | 40 Years | 2.38% | 7.22% | ||||
| 8. Soaking Pit | 30 Years | 3.17% | 9.50% | ||||
| 9. Annealing Furnace | 30 Years | 3.17% | 9.50% | ||||
| 10. Rolling Mills | 30 Years | 3.17% | 9.50% | ||||
| 11. Equipments for Scalping, Slitting , etc. [NESD] | 30 Years | 3.17% | 9.50% | ||||
| 12. Surface Miner, Ripper Dozer, etc., used in mines | 25 Years | 3.80% | 11.29% | ||||
| 13. Copper refining plant [NESD] | 25 Years | 3.80% | 11.29% | ||||
| (i) | Plant and Machinery used in medical and surgical operations [NESD] | ||||||
| 1. Electrical Machinery, X-ray and electrotherapeutic apparatus and accessories thereto, medical, diagnostic equipments, namely, Cat-scan, Ultrasound Machines, ECG Monitors, etc. | 13 Years | 7.31% | 20.58% | ||||
| 2. Other Equipments. | 15 Years | 6.33% | 18.10% | ||||
| (j) | Plant and Machinery used in manufacture of pharmaceuticals and chemicals [NESD] | ||||||
| 1. Reactors | 20 Years | 4.75% | 13.91% | ||||
| 2. Distillation Columns | 20 Years | 4.75% | 13.91% | ||||
| 3. Drying equipments/Centrifuges and Decanters | 20 Years | 4.75% | 13.91% | ||||
| 4. Vessel/storage tanks | 20 Years | 4.75% | 13.91% | ||||
| (k) | Plant and Machinery used in civil construction | ||||||
| 1. Concreting, Crushing, Piling Equipments and Road Making Equipments | 12 Years | 7.92% | 22.09% | ||||
| 2. Heavy Lift Equipments— | |||||||
| -Cranes with capacity of more than 100 tons | 20 Years | 4.75% | 13.91% | ||||
| -Cranes with capacity of less than 100 tons | 15 Years | 6.33% | 18.10% | ||||
| 3. Transmission line, Tunneling Equipments [NESD] | 10 Years | 9.50% | 25.89% | ||||
| 4. Earth-moving equipments | 9 Years | 10.56% | 28.31% | ||||
| 5. Others including Material Handling /Pipeline/Welding Equipments [NESD] | 12 Years | 7.92% | 22.09% | ||||
| (l) | Plant and Machinery used in salt works [NESD] | 15 Years | 6.33% | 18.10% | |||
| V. | Furniture and fittings [NESD] | ||||||
| (i) | General furniture and fittings | 10 Years | 9.50% | 25.89% | |||
| (ii) | Furniture and fittings used in hotels, restaurants and boarding houses, schools, colleges and other educational institutions, libraries; welfare centres; meeting halls, cinema houses; theatres and circuses; and furniture and fittings let out on hire for use on the occasion of marriages and similar functions. | 8 Years | 11.88% | 31.23% | |||
| VI. | Motor Vehicles [NESD] | ||||||
| 1 | Motor cycles, scooters and other mopeds | 10 Years | 9.50% | 25.89% | |||
| 2 | Motor buses, motor lorries, motor cars and motor taxies used in a business of running them on hire | 6 Years | 15.83% | 39.30% | |||
| 3 | Motor buses, motor lorries and motor cars other than those used in a business of running them on hire | 8 Years | 11.88% | 31.23% | |||
| 4 | Motor tractors, harvesting combines and heavy vehicles | 8 Years | 11.88% | 31.23% | |||
| 5 | Electrically operated vehicles including battery powered or fuel cell powered vehicles | 8 Years | 11.88% | 31.23% | |||
| VII | Ships [NESD] | ||||||
| Ocean-going ships | |||||||
| (i) | Bulk Carriers and liner vessels | 25 Years | 3.80% | 11.29% | |||
| (ii) | Crude tankers, product carriers and easy chemical carriers with or without conventional tank coatings. | 20 Years | 4.75% | 13.91% | |||
| (iii) | Chemicals and Acid Carriers: | ||||||
| (a) With Stainless steel tanks | 25 Years | 3.80% | 11.29% | ||||
| (b) With other tanks | 20 Years | 4.75% | 13.91% | ||||
| (iv) | Liquified gas carriers | 30 Years | 3.17% | 9.50% | |||
| (v) | Conventional large passenger vessels which are used for cruise purpose also | 30 Years | 3.17% | 9.50% | |||
| (vi) | Coastal service ships of all categories | 30 Years | 3.17% | 9.50% | |||
| (vii) | Offshore supply and support vessels | 20 Years | 4.75% | 13.91% | |||
| (viii) | Catamarans and other high speed passenger for ships or boats | 20 Years | 4.75% | 13.91% | |||
| (ix) | Drill ships | 25 Years | 3.80% | 11.29% | |||
| (x) | Hovercrafts | 15 Years | 6.33% | 18.10% | |||
| (xi) | Fishing vessels with wooden hull | 10 Years | 9.50% | 25.89% | |||
| (xii) | Dredgers, tugs, barges, survey launches and other similar ships used mainly for dredging purposes | 14 Years | 6.79% | 19.26% | |||
| 2. | Vessels ordinarily operating on inland waters— | ||||||
| (i) | Speed boats | 13 Years | 7.31% | 20.58% | |||
| (ii) | Other vessels | 28 Years | 3.39% | 10.15% | |||
| VIII. | Aircrafts or Helicopters [NESD] | 20 Years | 4.75% | 13.91% | |||
| IX. | Railways sidings, locomotives, rolling stocks, tramways and railways used by concerns, excluding railway concerns [NESD] | 15 Years | 6.33% | 18.10% | |||
| X. | Ropeway structures [NESD] | 15 Years | 6.33% | 18.10% | |||
| XI. | Office equipment [NESD] | 5 Years | 19.00% | 45.07% | |||
| XII. | Computers and data processing units [NESD] | ||||||
| (i) | Servers and networks | 6 Years | 15.83% | 39.30% | |||
| (ii) | End user devices, such as, desktops, laptops, etc. | 3 Years | 31.67% | 63.16% | |||
| XIII. | Laboratory equipment [NESD] | ||||||
| (i) | General laboratory equipment | 10 Years | 9.50% | 25.89% | |||
| (ii) | Laboratory equipments used in educational institutions | 5 Years | 19.00% | 45.07% | |||
| XIV. | Electrical Installations and Equipment [NESD] | 10 years | 9.50% | 25.89% | |||
| XV. | Hydraulic works, pipelines and sluices [NESD] | 15 Years | 6.33% | 18.10% | |||
Notes.—
1. “Factory buildings” does not include offices, godowns, staff quarters.
2. Where, during any financial year, any addition has been made to any asset, or where any asset has been sold, discarded, demolished or destroyed, the depreciation on such assets shall be calculated on a pro rata basis from the date of such addition or, as the case may be, up to the date on which such asset has been sold, discarded, demolished or destroyed.
3. The following information shall also be disclosed in the accounts, namely:—
(i) depreciation methods used; and
(ii) the useful lives of the assets for computing depreciation, if they are different from the life specified in the Schedule.
4(a) Useful life specified in Part C of the Schedule is for whole of the asset and where cost of a part of the asset is significant to total cost of the asset and useful life of that part is different from the useful life of the remaining asset, useful life of that significant part shall be determined separately.
(b) The requirement under sub-paragraph (a) shall be voluntary in respect of the financial year commencing on or after the 1st April, 2014 and mandatory for financial statements in respect of financial years commencing on or after the 1st April, 2015. Introduced Vide Notification No.G.S.R. 237 (E). Dated 29th August, 2014.
5. Omitted vide Notification No.G.S.R. 237(E) Dated 31.03.2014.
6. The useful lives of assets working on shift basis have been specified in the Schedule based on their single shift working. Except for assets in respect of which no extra shift depreciation is permitted (indicated by NESD in Part C above), if an asset is used for any time during the year for double shift, the depreciation will increase by 50% for that period and in case of the triple shift the depreciation shall be calculated on the basis of 100% for that period.
7. From the date this Schedule comes into effect, the carrying amount of the asset as on that date—
(a) shall be depreciated over the remaining useful life of the asset as per this Schedule;
(b) after retaining the residual value, may be recognised in the opening balance of retained earnings where the remaining useful life of an asset is nil.
8. ‘‘Continuous process plant’’ means a plant which is required and designed to operate for twenty-four hours a day.
WOULD LIKE TO KNOW & UNDERSTAND DEPRECIATION RATE ON NON COMMERCIAL VEHICLES
can we capitalise Lift as part of building
Can please say what is the life for asset HF MOISTURE ANALYZER WITH CONDUCTIVITY
Can you please advise to me… about depreciation schedule
Can I capitalize “sewage treatment plant” as a plant & machine for 15 year life in company act. And in IT depreciation act 15% with additional depreciation 20%.
thanks man
it is very helpful for working in knowledge
Dear All,
Please revert back,
we have a parking space in our company, now our management wants to make its floor with the inter lock tiles.
should we capitalize it?
thanks in advance
What is the rate of interest for mobile purchases as per companies act and Income act act as well. Kindly suggest me on this…
Please ignore the previous comment. Kindly consider the depreciation rate in place of rate of interest.
What is the rate of interest for mobile purchases as per companies act and Income act act as well. Kindly suggest me on this…
The website of MCA doesn’t state any rates for depreciation
Sir, please tell us the skeleton & Security Devices Useful life
Domain Charges Please tell me Depreciation Rate
What is the depreciate Percentage for Intangible Assets like pattent, logo, trademark, goodwill and so…?
We have our Factory ( Inclusive office) shed in fully RCC constructed which our auditor taken in last FY in 30 yrs life criteria.
But as per construction base it should be come 60 yrs criteria
Please give suggestion
If we can take in 60 yrs live base then please provide me any legal document.
the act is as below;
Buildings [NESD](a)Building (other than factory buildings) RCC Frame Structure60Years1.58%4.87%(b)Building (other than factory buildings) other than RCC Frame Structure30Years3.17%9.50%(c)Factory buildings30Years3.17%9.50% – See more at: https://taxguru.in/company-law/depreciation-rate-chart-as-per-companies-act.
please clarify whether LED assets come under assets
Please clarifay the life of Assets for Canteen Equipment as per Companies Act 2013
sir i need how to calculate depreciation rate under companies act 2013 under wdv method
I would like to draw your attention to the one point. in the last it has been told that
“7. From the date this Schedule comes into effect, the carrying amount of the asset as on that date—
(a) shall be depreciated over the remaining useful life of the asset as per this Schedule;
(b) after retaining the residual value, may be recognised in the opening balance of retained earnings where the remaining useful life of an asset is nil.”
I have a doubt that in the above written point (b) what would be the treatment of residual value , in case we retained it.
To be more precise, suppose WDV at the end is Rs. 30, residual value being Rs. 20.
In such case, we may write off Rs. 10 as a loss from retained earning but what would be the treatment of Rs. 20/-
and the phrase MAY BE RECOGNIZED is being used; does it indicate that it is at the discretion of the assessee to treat it this way or compulsory for him ?
Kindly reply at the earliest.
Thank you for Sharing
There is correction in above write up
1. Sr. No. IV P&M (a) (ii) Rate is SLM 11.88% & WDV 31.23%
2. Sr. No. IV P&M (k) 1. Rate is not mentioned i.e. SLM 7.92% & WDV 22.09%
3. Sr. No. VII (iii) a Rate is SLM 3.80% & WDV 11.29%
Good write up and knowledge enhancing , Keep it up.