Introduction: The introduction of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) in India marked the most significant tax reform in the country’s history, unifying multiple taxes into a single system. Implemented on July 1, 2017, the GST system has streamlined the tax process, eliminating previous complexities. Among its key components is the requirement for filing GST returns, specifically GSTR-1, which involves reporting details of outward supplies. This article delves into the intricacies of GSTR-1, outlining who must file, the frequency, due dates, required details, and the penalties for non-compliance.
Definition CGST Act Section 2 (97) “return” means any return prescribed or otherwise required to be furnished by or under this Act or the rule made thereunder.
√ Central Goods and Service Tax Act 2017 Chapter IX Return
Section 37 furnishing details of outward supply : Every resister person other than and Input Service Distributor, a non-resident taxable person and a paying tax composition taxpayer or TDS and TCS, shall furnishing, Electronically in such from and manner as may be prescribed, the details of Outward Supplies of goods or Service or both effected during a tax period on before the 11th day of the month succeeding the said tax period and quarterly return monthly payments (QRMP) furnishing return 13th day of the month succeeding the said tax period
Key Points about GSTR-1:
1. Who Should File GSTR-1:
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- All registered GST taxpayers are required to file GSTR-1, except for a few cases like input service distributors, composition dealers, non-resident taxable persons, and persons liable to deduct TDS under GST.
2. Frequency of Filing:
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- Monthly Filers: Taxpayers with an annual aggregate turnover of more than ₹1.5 crore.
- Quarterly Filers: Taxpayers with an annual aggregate turnover of up to ₹1.5 crore can opt to file GSTR-1 quarterly.
3. Due Dates:
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- Monthly Filers: The 11th of the following month
- Quarterly Filers: The 13th of the month succeeding the quarter.
4. Details Required in GSTR-1:
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- Invoice-level Information: For all B2B transactions.
- Consolidated Information: For all B2C transactions.
- Credit/Debit Notes: Issued during the period.
- Exports and Intra-state Supplies: Detailed separately.
- Advances Received: For services if applicable.
5. Amended of Returns:
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- GSTR-1 once filed cannot be revised. Any mistakes made in the return can be rectified in the next month’s or quarter’s return.
6. Contents of GSTR-1:
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- Add Record Details
- Table 1a,2b: Basic details like GSTIN, legal name, and the trade name
- Table 3a,3b: Details of ARN And date of ARN
- Table 4a,4b,4c,6b,6c: Details of outward supplies made to registered persons.
- Table 5: Details of outward supplies made to unregistered persons B2CL.
- Table 6A: Zero-rated supplies (Exports) and deemed exports.
- Table 7: Taxable outward supplies to a consumer (B2C).
- Table 8a,8b,8c,8d: Nil-rated, exempt, and non-GST outward supplies.
- Table 9B: Details of debit/credit notes issued.
- Table 11a(1),11A(2)11B(1),11B(2): Advances received/adjusted in the current tax period
- Table 12: HSN wise summary of Outward Supplies
- Table 13: Documents Issued
- Table 14: Supply made through ECO
- Table 15: Supply made U/s 9 (5)
- Amend Record Details
- Table 9a Amended b2b Invoice
- Table 9a Amended b2c (Larg) Invoice
- Table 9a Amended Export Invoice
- Table 9c Amended Credit/Debit Notes (Registered)
- Table 9C Amended Credit/Debit Notes (Unregistered)
- Table 10 Amended b2c (Other)
- Table 11a Amended tax liability (Advances Received)
- Table 11b Amended of Adjustment of Advances
- Table 14a Amended Supplies Made Through ECO
- Table 15a Amended Supplies U/s 9(5)
- Add Record Details
7. Penalties for Non-filing or Late Filing
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- A late fee of ₹50 per day (₹25 CGST + ₹25 SGST) is applicable for late filing of GSTR-1.
- If there are no outward supplies, a late fee of ₹20 per day (₹10 CGST + ₹10 SGST) is applicable.
B. Table specific instructions-
| Sr. No. | Table No. | Instructions |
| 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 1. | 4A | i. Supplies made to registered persons including supplies made through e-commerce operator attracting TCS u/s 52, but excluding supplies attracting tax on reverse charge basis, shall be reported.
ii.Supplies made u/s 9(5) for which e-commerce operator is liable to pay tax shall not be reported in this table. iii.The supplies made by SEZ on cover of a bill of entry shall not be reported by SEZ unit /developer. |
| 2. | 4B | Supplies made to registered persons, attracting tax on reverse charge basis, shall be reported. Supplies made u/s 9(5) for which e-commerce operator is liable to pay tax shall not be reported in this table. |
| 3. | 5 | Inter-State supplies made to unregistered persons having invoice value more than Rs. 2.50 lakh shall be reported. |
| 4. | 6A | Exports with or without IGST shall be reported. Shipping bill details, if applicable, can be provided later through table 9 if such details are not available at the time of filing the statement. |
| 5. | 6B | Supplies made to SEZ units or SEZ developers, with or without IGST, shall be reported. |
| 6. | 6C | Deemed export supplies shall be reported. |
| 7. | 7 | Supplies made to unregistered persons other than those reported in table 5 shall be reported. Values shall be net of credit and debit notes. |
| 8. | 8 | Supplies having no tax liability (Nil rated, exempted and non-GST supplies) shall be reported. Supplies made through E-commerce Operator under section 9(5) shall not be included under exempted supplies of supplier. |
| 9. | 9A | Amendment of values reported in table 4A, 4B, 5, 6A, 6B and 6C shall be reported. |
| 10. | 9B | Credit and debit notes issued during the period shall be reported. |
| 11. | 9C | Amendment of credit and debit notes reported in table 9B shall be reported. |
| 12. | 10 | Amendment of unregistered supplies reported in table 7 shall be reported. |
| 13. | 11(I)A | Advances received shall be reported. The values shall be net of refund vouchers, if any. |
| 14. | 11(I)B | Advances adjusted during the period shall be reported. |
| 15. | 11(II) | Amendment to advances received or adjusted shall be reported. |
| 16. | 12 | HSN details as per notifications issued by Government from time to time shall be reported. |
| 17. | 13 | Details of the documents issued during the period shall be reported. |
| 18. | 14(a) | Details of the supplies reported in any table from 4 to 10, made through e-commerce operator on which ECO is liable to collect tax at source (TCS) under section 52, shall be reported by the supplier. |
| 19. | 14(b) | Details of supplies made through ECO, on which ECO is liable to pay tax u/s 9(5), shall be reported by the supplier. Tax on such supplies shall be paid by the ECO and not by the supplier. |
| 20. | 14A(a) | Amendment to supplies reported in table 14(a) in earlier tax period shall be reported. |
| 21. | 14A(b) | Amendment to supplies reported in table 14(b) in earlier tax period shall be reported. |
| 22. | 15 | (i) ECO shall report details of the supplies made through him/her on which he/she is liable to pay tax u/s 9(5).
(ii) GSTIN of supplier and recipient, if registered, shall be reported. (iii) Details of the documents issued by ECO shall be reported, if recipient is registered. |
| 23. | 15A(I) | Amendment to the details reported in table 15 in earlier tax periods in respect of registered recipients shall be reported. |
| 24. | 15A(II) | Amendment to the details reported in table 15 in earlier tax periods in respect of unregistered recipients shall be reported.”. |
Conclusion: Understanding and adhering to the requirements for filing GSTR-1 is essential for all registered GST taxpayers. This return ensures proper reporting of outward supplies, maintaining compliance with GST regulations. While the process may seem detailed, it ultimately simplifies tax reporting and contributes to a more efficient tax system in India. By staying informed about the filing criteria, deadlines, and potential penalties, taxpayers can avoid unnecessary complications and ensure smooth operations under the GST regime.
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Very informative article everyone should read