The article explains how key Companies Act amendments affect tax treatment of penalties, CSR expenditure, related party transactions, and buybacks. It highlights why corporate law changes must be evaluated alongside their income-tax implications.
Step-loans can unintentionally violate Section 185 by creating indirect loans to directors. Companies often overlook how layered transactions breach legal provisions. The key takeaway is to review fund flow and ensure ultimate beneficiaries are compliant.
The issue concerns liability in unauthorised digital transactions. The ruling insight highlights that absence of a clear definition of negligence leads to inconsistent outcomes, often shifting liability onto customers.
India transformed CSR into a statutory obligation under Section 135. This shift raises key questions on its role in governance and development.
