Foreign award can be binding on non-signatories : SC

Gemini Bay Transcription Pvt. Ltd. Vs Integrated Sales Service Ltd. and Anr. (Supreme Court) Reading of Section 44 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 would show that there are six ingredients to an award being a foreign award under the said Section. First, it must be an arbitral award on differences between persons arising out of legal relationships. Second, these differences may be in contract or outside of contract, for example, in tort. Third, the legal relationship so spoken of ought to be considered “commercial” under the law in India. Fourth, the award must be made on or a...