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TDS stands for tax deducted at source. As per the Income Tax Act, any company or person making a payment is required to deduct tax at source if the payment exceeds certain threshold limits. TDS has to be deducted at the rates prescribed by the tax department.

The company or person that makes the payment after deducting TDS is called a deductor and the company or person receiving the payment is called the deductee. It is the deductor’s responsibility to deduct TDS before making the payment and deposit the same with the government. TDS is deducted irrespective of the mode of payment–cash, cheque or credit–and is linked to the PAN of the deductor and deductee.

TDS is deducted on the following types of payments:

  • Salaries
  • Interest payable by assessee
  • Rent payments
  • Consultation fees
  • Professional fees

The assesse is mandatorily required to deduct tax at source (“TDS”) in applicable cases on various payments (by way of salaries, payment to vendors, rent, etc.) and deposit the same with the Government, within the stipulated time. A short deduction of TDS or non-deduction results in the Assessee being treated as an ‘assessee-in-default’ and consequently, the Assessee is liable for payment of interest on TDS, penalty, etc. Also, such payments are disallowed as a deduction under the Income-tax Act, 1961 where there is a default in deduction and/or deposit of TDS.

Finance Act, 2018 has brought some minor changes in the TDS provisions. For your ready reference, TDS rate chart for FY 2018-19 is provided below:

TDS rate chart for FY 2018-19

1. Commonly used TDS Provision for payments made to persons resident in India (Individuals, Firms, Companies, etc.):-

Section Nature of Payment for Domestic Transactions Threshold Limit Individual / HUF Others 15G-15H
Rs. TDS Rate (%) Allowed
192 Salaries (Annexure-I) As per income tax slabs NO
193 Interest on Securities 10000 10 10 YES
194A Interest to other than Resident Senior Citizen 10000 10 10 YES
194A Interest to Resident Senior Citizen 50000 10 10 YES
194C Contractor – Single Transaction 30000 1 2 NO
194C Contractor – Aggregated Transaction during the F.Y. 100000 1 2 NO
194H Commission / Brokerage 15000 5 5 NO
194I Rent of Land and Building – F&F 180000 10 10 YES
194I Rent of Plant / Machinery / Equipment 180000 2 2 YES
194IA Transfer of certain immovable property other than agriculture land 5000000 1 1 NO
194J Professional Fees / Technical Fees / etc. 30000 10 10 NO
194J Payment to Call Centre Operator (w.e.f. 01.06.2017) 30000 2 2 NO

Conditions for being a resident senior citizen:

  • Individual of 60 years or more at any time during the year
  • An individual is said to be resident in any previous year if he satisfies any one of the following conditions:
  • He stays in India in the relevant previous year for a period of 182 days or,
  • He stays in India for at least 60 days during the relevant previous year and at least 365 days for 4 years preceding that previous year.
  • Other TDS Provision for payments made to persons resident in India (Individuals, Firms, Companies, etc.)
Section Nature of Payment for Domestic Transactions Threshold Limit Individual / HUF Others 15G-15H
    Rs. TDS Rate (%)   Allowed
192A Premature withdrawal from EPF 5000 10  – YES
194 Dividends 2500 10 10 YES
194B Winning from Lotteries 10000 30 30 NO
194BB Winning from Horse Races 10000 30 30 NO
194D Insurance Commission 15000 5 10 YES
194DA Life insurance Policy 100000 1 1 YES
194E Non-Resident Sportsmen or Sports Association 20 20 NO
194EE NSS 2500 10 10 YES
194F Repurchase Units by MFs 20 20 NO
194G Commission – Lottery 15000 5 5 NO
194IB Rent by Individual / HUF (w.e.f. 01.06.2017) 50000/PM 5  – NO
194LA Compensation on transfer of certain immovable property other than agricultural land 250000 10 10 NO
194LA Immovable Property (TDS exempted under RFCTLARR Act (w.e.f. 01.04.2017)  –  –  – NO
194LB Income by way of interest from infrastructure debt fund (non- resident)  – 5 5 NO
194LC Income by way of interest by an Indian specified company to a non-resident / foreign company on foreign currency approved loan / long-term infrastructure bonds from outside India (applicable from July 1, 2012)  – 5 5 NO
194LD Interest on certain bonds and Govt. Securities (from 01-06-2013)  – 5 5 NO

 Notes:

a) No TDS on Goods & Service Tax: As per circular no. 23/2017 dated 19.07.2017 of CBEC, TDS is not applicable on Goods and Service Tax (GST) where GST is shown separately.

b) No Surcharge, Health & Education Cess is not deductible on payments made to residents, other than salary

c) Deduction of TDS at a lower rate or non-deduction of TDS:

i) Deduction of TDS at a lower rate:

In case where a certificate for deduction of TDS at a lower rate u/s. 197 is obtained from the customer/ vendor, it should be confirmed whether the amount of payment is within the limit and valid for the period specified in the certificate u/s. 197 along with the certificate no. using the ‘197 Validation’ facility on the TRACES website.

ii) Non-deduction of TDS:

Please note that Form No. 15G can be accepted by the Assessee only when the total interest amount payable is less than the minimum exemption limit, which is Rs. 2,50,000 for financial year 2018-19. In case the same exceeds the above limit, then TDS is to be deducted as per the applicable provisions.

In case of Form No. 15H, the same is not acceptable if the total taxable income of the customer/ vendor including the interest income after claiming deductions under chapter VI(A) exceeds the minimum exemption limit, which is Rs. 3,00,000 for senior citizen/ Rs. 5,00,000 for super senior citizen for financial year 2018-19.

d) TDS at higher rate: If a person fails to furnish PAN to the Assessee whose receipts are subject to TDS, then, the TDS is to be deducted at higher of the following rates”

i) The rates in force or

ii) 20%

Exemption for deduction of TDS at a lower rate or non-deduction of TDS as discussed in Point 1-C is not admissible in case of Invalid PAN/ No-PAN.

e) TDS on Good Transport: TDS shall be applicable on payment to transporters, i.e., contractors in the business of plying, hiring or leasing goods carriages. However, TDS exemption will be available to transporter owning 10 (ten) or less goods carriage at any time during the previous year. For claiming such exemption, transporter would also need to furnish a declaration to the Assessee along with a copy of PAN. For transporter not covered above, TDS is to be deducted at normal rates as given in above table.

f) TDS on interest u/s 194A paid to resident senior citizen: Finance Act, 2018 has increased the threshold limit u/s section 194A of the Income Tax Act, 1961 for “resident” Senior Citizens to Rs. 50,000/-.

2) Due dates for deposit/remittance of TDS to Central Government

Other than Section 194IA/194IB

  • For the months of April to February (Monthly) – on or before 7th day from the end of the month in which tax is deducted.
  • For the month of March – 30th April

Section 194IA/194IB

  • For any month – on or before 30th day from the end of the month in which tax is deducted.

3)  Interest on non-deduction/ non-payment of TDS or delay in payment of TDS

As per Sec. 201(1A) of the Income-tax Act, 1961, if the Assessee does not deduct the whole or any part of the TDS or after deducting fails to pay the TDS as required by or under the Act, then the Assessee is liable to pay simple interest on the amount of such TDS, for every month or part of a month, at the rate of:

  • 1% from the date on which such TDS was deductible up to the date on which such TDS is deducted; and
  • 1.5% from the date on which such TDS was deducted up to the date on which such TDS is paid

4)  Feed for Late filing of TDS Return

As per Sec 234E of Income tax Act 1961, where a person fails to deliver or cause to be delivered a statement within the time prescribed in sub-section (3) of section 200 or the proviso to sub-section (3) of section 206C, he shall be liable to pay, by way of fee, a sum of two hundred rupees for every day during which the failure continues, maximum to the amount of tax deducted.

5) Due dates for filing of e-TDS returns & issue of TDS certificates

a) In respect of any other TDS (other than TDS u/s. 194-IA):

Quarter Period Due Date for filing of e-TDS Return Due Date for issuing TDS certificate [in Form no. 16A]
Q-1 1st April to 30th June 31st July 15th August
Q-2 1st July to 30th September 31st October 15th November
Q-3 1st October to 31st December 31st January 15th February
Q-4 1st January to 31st March 31st May 15th June

b) In respect of TDS u/s 194IA

i) A challan-cum-statement in Form No.26QB is to be filed within 30 days from the end of the month in which the deduction is made

ii) TDS certificate in Form no.16B is to be issued to the payee within 15 days from due date of furnishing statement in Form no. 26QB

c) In respect of TDS u/s 194IB

i) A challan-cum-statement in Form No.26QC is to be filed within 30 days from the end of the month in which the deduction is made

ii) TDS certificate in Form no.16C is to be issued to the payee within 15 days from due date of furnishing statement in Form no. 26QC

Annexure-I

TAX SLABS FOR FY 2018-19 AY 2019-20

1. Income Tax Slab for Individual Tax Payers & HUF (Less Than 60 Years Old)

Income Tax Slab Tax Rate
Income up to Rs 2,50,000 No tax
Income from Rs 2,50,000 – Rs 5,00,000 5%
Income from Rs 5,00,000– 10,00,000 20%
Income more than Rs 10,00,000 30%

Surcharge: 10% of income tax, where total income exceeds Rs.50 lakh up to Rs.1 crore.

Surcharge: 15% of income tax, where the total income exceeds Rs.1 crore.

Health & Education Cess: 4% of Income Tax.

2. Income Tax Slab for Senior Citizens (60 Years Old or More but Less than 80 Years Old)

Income Tax Slab Tax Rate
Income up to Rs 3,00,000 No tax
Income from Rs 3,00,000 – Rs 5,00,000 5%
Income from Rs 5,00,000– 10,00,000 20%
Income more than Rs 10,00,000 30%

Surcharge: 10% of income tax, where total income exceeds Rs.50 lakh up to Rs.1 crore.

Surcharge: 15% of income tax, where the total income exceeds Rs.1 crore.

Health & Education Cess: 4% of Income Tax.

3. Income Tax Slab for Senior Citizens (80 Years Old or More)

Income Tax Slab Tax Rate
Income up to Rs 5,00,000 No tax
Income from Rs 5,00,000– 10,00,000 20%
Income more than Rs 10,00,000 30%

Surcharge: 10% of income tax, where total income exceeds Rs.50 lakh up to Rs.1 crore.

Surcharge: 15% of income tax, where the total income exceeds Rs.1 crore.

Health & Education Cess: 4% of Income Tax.

The writer can be reached at sandeeprawatca@gmail.com

Author Bio

Mr. Sandeep Rawat brings more than 5 years of broad and progressive experience as a strategic business partner in addition to being an expert in taxation.he has vast experience in conducting financial audits and tax planning of government corporations, private industries, foreign companies, NGOs, ba View Full Profile

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20 Comments

  1. ARUNABHA says:

    TDS ON BANK FD HAS BEEN DEDUCTED AND CERTIFICATE HAS BEEN ISSUED BUT WHILE FILING ITR-1 FOR AY 19-20 THE TDS AMOUNT IS NOT SHOWING AS DEPOSIT IN CALCULATION SHEET OF IT DEPT.PL. SUGGEST

  2. DR PRAMOD KUMAR SRIVASTAVA says:

    Sir, I have received 36000Rs as dividend payout ELSS LONG TERM TAX SAVING SCHEMES (DIVIDEND OPTIONS), and Rs 45000=00 as equity dividends (listed equities). Fin. YR 2018-19. I am 66yrs old. What would be tax liability?

  3. Tarun Ghorpade says:

    In the Financial year 2018-19 Rs. 5000/- excess deduct TDS. But in the 26 AS only 3000 show excess. I am applied for Rs. 5000 refund as per Form 16 in IT return but Rs. 3000 refund. Now in the 26 AS total amount Rs. 5000/- shown. How I can claim remaining refund Rs. 2000

  4. Amartya Bhattacharya says:

    Exemption limit for 194C is Rs. 30,000 for single bill and 1,00,000/- in aggregate during the FY. What happens if the aggregate limit is breached? Suppose we didn’t deduct TDS in the first invoice as it was under Rs. 30,000/-. Now the next invoice takes the aggregate to above 1 lakh. In that scenario do we deduct tax on the earlier invoice as well?

  5. Jawahar Raj says:

    TDS On Good Transport.
    I Have Received Many Invoice in the current Ass. Year Amount Crossed Rs.200,000 , and the transporter also issued ” NO TDS Declaration Mentioning Not owing more than 10 Vehicle”
    Whether shall i need to deduct TDS Or Not. Kindly Suggest..

  6. ankoshlath.ca@rediffmail.com says:

    I bought a under construction flat whose value without GST is below Rs 50 Lacs, but value exceeds Rs 50 Lacs with GST. 
    Should I deduct 1% TDS ?

    There is a CBDT circular which clarifies that TDS is to be deducted on amount excluding GST, if GST is indicated separately. While this circular clarifies the ‘quantum’ on which 1% TDS should be applied, but it is not clear whether or not GST should be excluded from consideration value for the purpose of Scope TDS applicability (Rs 50 Lakhs threshold). 

    Could you please share your opinion with a case law or guidance note (if any) issued on this matter.

  7. Amit Kumar says:

    Dear Sir, I am purchasing property at Delhi from NRI for Rs 50 Lakh exact amount. What is the applicable surcharge rate. kindly advise

  8. R.VIJAYAN says:

    Dear sir,
    when I see 26AS,total TDS has not been seen in the statement.
    Is there any issue….?
    May I do e-filing online…..?
    Please explain me.
    Thanks in Advance…

  9. Lv Raman says:

    Pl. confirm whether it is correct to charge TDS on the amount withdrawn from a TATA AIA insurance product? I have started the scheme almost 10 years ago as NRI and always the money credited was from NRI account, When I chose to withdraw the money 30% TDS deduction was done…Please advise can I reclaim this anyway??

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