income and expenditure

The assessee earned a capital profit of Rs. 10.38 crores on sale of rights to immovable property. The said profit was directly credited to the capital reserves in the balance sheet instead of being routed through the Profit & loss account. The accounts of the assessee company were duly certified by the auditors and were also adopted in the AGM. The audited accounts were filed with ROC. In the computation of “book profits” for s. 115JB, the said capital profits were n.. Full Article

Association of the concern/any partner/proprietor with Public Sector Banks as Concurrent / internal / income and expenditure or revenue auditor/ stock auditor/ auditor of borrowers accounts etc. (other than as Statutory Bank Branch Auditors and Central Statutory Auditors). Full Article

References to budget can be found in Kautilya’s Arthashastra. It states that the Chancellor should first estimate revenue from each place and sphere of activity under different heads of accounts and then arrive at a grand total. The actual revenue is to be estimated by adding receipts into the treasury for current year and delayed payments received which were due in earlier year/s. Full Article