commercial transactions

Sufficient evidence exists to conclude that art and practice of accounting existed even in Vedic times. There are references to kraya (sale), Vanij (merchant), sulka (price) in Rigveda. Kautilya’s Arthashastra contains details on business of keeping up accounts in the office of accountants .It provides details of matters which should be recorded, registers to be maintained, system of examination of accounts and even details of punishments for default. Full Article

However, in view of the fact that the agreement has been accepted as genuine in the hands of one of the parties and economic consequences have also occurred because the assignee has made the payment to the Government, the transaction is necessarily be treated as genuine one, and for this reason, we do not wish to deliberate much on the various contentions raised by the assessee in this regard. Accordingly, we accept ground No. 5 & 7 of the assessee and ground No. 6, bein.. Full Article

A brief about Arbitration Mechanism: In order to reduce the delay in courts in the process of traditional adjudication mechanism, the Alternative Disposal Mechanism (ADR) was mooted. The dispute resolution through Conciliation, Arbitration and Mediation etc., is regarded as alternative mechanism to resolve the disputes between or among the parties in a defined legal relationship. Full Article

This paper attempts to study the impact of non registration of firms i.e., partnership firms. The whole idea of the paper is that all others who are transacting with the firm must be aware of the constitution of the firm and thus the documents which are available with the registrar of companies are public documents and people dealing with the firm are said to have constructive notice of the details about the firm. Full Article