Over half of India’s workforce self-employed – NSSO survey
More than half of the country’s overall workforce is self-employed, even as female employees receive less remuneration than their male counterparts for doing similar jobs, as per the data of a government survey released today. While 51 per cent of the country’s total workforce are self-employed, only around 15.6 per cent are ‘regular wage/ salaried’ employees and 33.5 per cent are casual labours, the key indicators from a survey the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) revealed.
Among workers in rural areas, about 54.2 are self-employed, while only 41.4 per cent of the workforce in urban areas are self-employed.
While only 7.3 per cent of workers in rural areas are regular wage earners, 41.4 per cent of workers in cities are getting regular salaries.
The findings of the NSSO also reveal that women workers, both in rural and urban areas, continue to receive less remunerations than their male counterparts.
In urban areas, the average wage is Rs 365 per day and it is Rs 232 in rural areas.
NSSO survey found that the average earning per day received by male workers is Rs 249 but it is only Rs 156 in case of female workers, indicating the female-male wage ratio at 0.63.
Similarly, in urban areas males earn Rs 377 as against Rs 309 by woman, indicating a ratio of 0.82.
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NSSO Workforce Survey – India
66th Round of survey by National Sample Survey Office revealed following :
“ Unemployment “ related findings
# Self Employed ………………………. 51 % of total workforce
# Regular Wage Earners …………. 15.5 % “
# Casual Labors ………………………. 33.5 % “
“ Ave. Daily Wages “ related findings
# In urban areas ………………………….. Rs. 365
# In rural areas ………………………….. Rs. 232
# For male workers …………………….. Rs. 249
# For female workers …………………. Rs. 156
“ Percentage of workers earning regular wages “
# Amongst urban workforce …………. 41.4 %
# Amongst rural workforce ……….. 7.3 %
Per Day wage rates for Casual Labor
# In urban areas ……………………………. Rs. 122
# In rural areas ………………………………Rs. 93
Gender-wise Daily Wages for Casual Labor
In Rural Areas
• Male Workers / Female Workers .. Rs.102 / Rs 69
In Urban Areas
• Male Workers / Female Workers ……Rs 132 / Rs. 77
Apparently, Indian Nation is deeply divided along,
Male / Female divide
> Urban / Rural divide
Rich / Poor divide
Powerful / Powerless divide
Self Employed / Unemployed divide
Can you think of some more ?
[ Source : Economic Times / June 25, 2011 ]
With regards
Hemen Parekh
CustomizeResume.com
Jobs for All = Peace on Earth
Surviving in Bihar
The 66th round of survey of National Sample Survey Office of India ( NSSO ), paints a grim picture of the state of Bihar.
The Monthly Per Capita Consumption Expenditure ( MPCE ) in Bihar is nearly the lowest of all states.
And that forces the people of Bihar to spend most of that on “ food “, as can be seen from following figures :
Amounts spent on food
• In rural Bihar …………… Rs. 505 out of a total of Rs. 780
• In urban Bihar …………… Rs. 655 out of a total of Rs. 1238
Any wonder why Biharis are leaving Bihar for earning livelihood elsewhere ?
With regards
Hemen Parekh
CustomizeResume.com
Jobs for All = Peace on Earth